Оценка экологического риска побочных продуктов животноводства и птицеводства
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/1994-9952-2026-2-200-212Ключевые слова:
тяжелые металлы, экологический риск, побочные продукты животноводства и птицеводстваАннотация
Одной из основных угроз экологическому благополучию являются отходы (в настоящее время – побочные продукты) агропромышленного комплекса, образующиеся и накапливающиеся в больших объемах. Решение данной проблемы видится в технологии рециклинга, позволяющего перерабатывать данные отходы в удобрения. Однако масштабное применение удобрений на основе компостированных побочных продуктов животноводства и птицеводства может приводить к загрязнению почв тяжелыми металлами и тем самым нести угрозу экологического риска для почвенных биомов. В настоящей работе исследованы побочные продукты трех животноводческих и одного птицеводческого хозяйства Пермского края. В их составе установлены щелочные, щелочноземельные и тяжелые металлы, при этом наибольшая загрязненность тяжелыми металлами характерна для образцов птицеводческого хозяйства. Проведен расчет индексов потенциального экологического риска. Для куриного помета данный показатель соответствует среднему уровню опасности, тогда как для побочных продуктов животноводческих хозяйств он оценивается как низкий. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что компосты на основе побочных продуктов животноводства могут рассматриваться как безопасный источник органических удобрений.Библиографические ссылки
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Abdu N., Abdullahi A.A., Abdulkadir A. Heavy metals and soil microbes // Environ. Chem. Lett. 2017. Vol. 15. P. 65–84. DOI: 10.1007/s10311-016-0587-x.
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Yeboah J., Shi G., Shi W. [Effect of Heavy Metal Contamination on Soil Enzymes Activities]. J. Geosci. Environ. Prot. V. 9 (2021): pp. 135-154. DOI: 10.4236/gep.2021.96008.
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Pan S.F., Ji X.H., Liu X.L., Xie Y.H., Xiao S.Y., Tian F.X., Xue T., Liu S.H. [Influence of landform, soil properties, soil Cd pollution and rainfall on the spatial variation of Cd in rice: Contribution and pathway models based on big data]. Sci. Total Environ. V. 912 (2024): art. 168687. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168687.
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