Ecological Risk Assessment of Livestock and Poultry By-Products
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/1994-9952-2026-2-200-212Keywords:
heavy metals, environmental risk, heavy metals, environmental risk, livestock and poultry by-productsAbstract
Agro-industrial waste (by-products), generated and accumulated in large volumes, poses one of the main threats to environmental well-being. Recycling technologies that convert this waste into fertilizer offer a solution to this problem. However, the large-scale use of fertilizers based on composted livestock and poultry by-products can lead to soil contamination with heavy metals, thereby posing an environmental risk to soil biomes. This study identified the presence of metals from three groups (alkali, alkaline earth, and heavy metals) in by-product samples from livestock and poultry farms in the Perm Krai. Poultry by-products are characterized by the highest levels of heavy metal contamination. The ecological hazard index value for chicken manure corresponds to a medium hazard level. An ecological risk assessment showed that livestock by-products pose a low level of ecological risk. Therefore, compost obtained from livestock by-products can be used as fertilizer.References
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