Psychometric properties of the Short Dark Triad measure
Psychology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2019-4-525-538Keywords:
psychometrics, validity, reliability, personality traits, Dark Triad, Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, IRTAbstract
In recent years, negative personality traits have attracted research attention. One of the examples is Dark Triad, which is a constellation of three personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Some Dark Triad measures have been created. The article is devoted to the adaptation and validation of the Short Dark Triad (SD3) measure. We examined the structure, reliability, and validity of the items and scales in samples of 459 participants (69,5 % of them were female). Two versions of the questionnaire were offered: the full one (27 items) and the revised one (18 items). The structures of both versions correspond to the original SD3. The alpha reliabilities were 0,72 for Machiavellianism, 0,75 for narcissism, and 0,65 for psychopathy. The test-retest reliabilities were good for Machiavellianism and narcissism, and appropriate for psychopathy. To evaluate the convergent validity of SD3, it was compared with Russian adaptation of HEXACO-60. The Dark Triad traits have negative relationships with Honesty – Humility, Emotionality and Agreeableness. This study indicates that SD3 provides efficient, reliable, and valid measures of the personality traits included in the Dark Triad.References
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McHoskey, J.W. (1995). Narcissism and Machiavellianism. Psychological Reports. Vol. 77, iss. 3, pp. 755–759. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.755
Morizot, J.M., Ainsworth, A.T. and Reise, S.P. (2007). Towards modern psychometrics: Application of item response theory models in personality research. Handbook of research methods in personality psychology, ed. by R.W. Robins, R.C. Fraley, R.F. Krueger. New York: Guilford Press, pp. 407–423.
Paulhus, D.L. and Dutton, D.G. (2016). Everyday sadism. The dark side of personality: Science and practice in social, personality, and clinical psychology, ed. by V. Zeigler-Hill, D.K. Marcus. Washington: American Psychological Association Publ., pp. 109–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/14854-006
Paulhus, D. and Williams, K. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality. Vol. 36, iss. 6, pp. 556–563. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00505-6
Raskin, R. and Hall, C.S. (1979). A Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Psychological Reports. Vol. 45, iss. 2, p. 590. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1979.45.2.590
Roeser, K., McGregor, V.E., Stegmaier, S. et al. (2016). The Dark Triad of personality and unethical behavior at different times of day. Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 88, pp. 73–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.002
Samejima, F. (2016). Graded response models. Handbook of item response theory: Volume 1. London: Chapman and Hall Publ., pp. 123–136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315374512
Schumacker, R.E. (2002). Latent variable interaction modeling. Structural Equation Modeling. Vol. 9, iss. 1, pp. 40–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem0901_3
Stankov, L. and Knezevic, G. (2005). Amoral social attitudes and value orientations among Serbs and Australians. Australian Journal of Psychology. Vol. 57, iss. 2, pp. 115–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530500048649
Veselka, L., Schermer, J.A. and Vernon, P.A. (2012). The Dark Triad and an expanded framework of personality. Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 53, iss. 4, pp. 417–425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.01.002
Williams, K.M., Paulhus, D.L. and Hare, R.D. (2007). Capturing the four-factor structure of psychopathy in college students via self-report. Journal of Personality Assessment. Vol. 88, iss. 2, pp. 205–219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701268074
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