The anthropic principle and the problem of antinomy
Philosophy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2017-3-318-327Keywords:
anthropic principle, antinomy, freedom, Universe, God, theodicy, super-selection, selectorAbstract
The article is devoted to the relation between the anthropic principle and antinomies in the sphere of knowledge and ethics. The classic Anthropic Principle (AP) aims to limit the variety of existence hypotheses in cosmology. For this purpose the article analyzes discussion between notable physicists and cosmologists. The meaning of AP was revealed not only in the field of cosmology, but in the other fields of human knowledge as well. The meaning of AP appears not only as a presupposition for getting results through deductive method butas a selector for the selection of a cosmological model or the model of knowledge and behavior. It serves as a «guide-dog» to grope the borders in various subject areas and to warn the researcher from excessive multiplication of entities and building the obviously indefensible hypothesis. Developing «Occam’s razor» principle, the AP is aimed to rationally remove the paradoxical feature (antinomic) of the picture of the world and its different aspects. From the history of philosophy it is known that antinomies were an important element of the scientific method (I. Kant, N. Hartmann). Besides the ontological antinomies there are ethical ones (the antinomy of obligation, the paradox of God’s existence, theodicy, and others) which are not amenable to rational logic what, however, does not reduce their philosophical and ethical values. In conclusion the authors note that the antinomies emerge there and then in the cognitive process, where and when the will of the person is limited, when the point of creative transformation of the world is underdeveloped, all of this provide conditions for humankind to exist. This concept is emphasized in the AP equally in content and form.References
Картер Б. Совпадения больших чисел и антропологический принцип в космологии // Космология: теория и наблюдения: пер. с англ. А.Г. Полнарева, С.Ф. Шандарина / под ред. Я.Б. Зельдовича, И.Д. Новикова. М.: Мир, 1978. C. 369–379.
Князева Е.Н., Курдюмов С.П. Основания синергетики. Режимы с обострением, самоорганизация, темпомиры. СПб.: Алетейя, 2002. 414 с.
Касти Дж. Большие системы. Связность, сложность и катастрофы: пер. с англ. А.А. Пионтковского / под ред. Ю.П. Гупало. М.: Мир, 1982. 216 с.
Франкл В. Человек в поисках смысла: cборник / пер. с англ. и нем.; общ. ред. Л.Я. Гозмана, Д.А. Леонтьева; вступит. ст. Д.А. Леонтьева. М.: Прогресс, 1990. 368 с.
Бранский В.П. Философский анализ понятия ценности // Синергетическая теория ценностей / под. ред. В.П. Бранского, С.Д. Пожарского. СПб.: ЛЕМА, 2012. С. 27–59.
Кант И. Критика чистого разума // Соч.: в 6 т. М.: Мысль, 1964. Т. 3. 799 с.
Бусов С.В., Зобова М.Р. Антропный принцип в свете эволюционизма и синергетики. СПб.: ООО «АИК», 2016. 392 с.
Jantsch E. The Self-Organizing Universe: Scientific and Human Implications оf the Emerging Paradigm of Evolution. Oxford; New York; Toronto; Sydney; Paris; Frankfurt: Pergamon Press, 1980. 342 p.
Эйген М., Шустер П. Гиперцикл: принципы самоорганизации макромолекул. М.: Мир, 1982. 268 с.
Гартман Н. К основоположению онтологии. СПб.: Наука, 2003. 640 с.
Гартман Н. Этика / пер. с нем. А.Б. Глаголева; под ред. Ю.С. Медведева, Д.В. Скляднева. СПб.: Владимир Даль, 2002. 708 с.
Лейбниц Г.В. Опыты теодицеи о благости Божией, свободе человека и начале зла // Соч.: в 4 т. М.: Мысль, 1989. Т. 4. 554 с.
Plantinga A. The Nature of Necessity. Oxford: ClarendonPress, 1974. 256 p.
Зобова М.Р. Антропный принцип в структуре представлений об эволюции Вселенной и человека // Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология. 2013. Вып. 3(15). С. 33–40.
Barrow J.D., Tipler F.J. The Anthropic Cosmological Principle. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986. 706 р.
Smolin L., Susskind L. Smolin vs. Susskind: The Anthropic Principle. URL: http://edge.org/conversation/smolin-vs-susskind-the-anthropic-principle (accessed: 15.01.2015).
Бранский В.П. Философия физики ХХ века. Итоги и перспективы. СПб.: Политехника, 2002. 253 с.
Бранский В.П. Философское значение «проблемы наглядности» в современной физике. 2-е изд. М.: Книжный дом «ЛИБРОКОМ», 2010. 192 с.
References
Carter B. Sovpadeniya bol’shih chisel i antropologicheskiy printsip v kosmologii [The Large Number of Coincidences and the Anthropological Principle in Cosmology]. Kosmologiya: teoriya i nablyudeniya [Cosmology: Theory and Observations]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1978, pp. 369–379. (In English).
Knyazeva E.N., Kurdyumov S.P. Osnovaniya sinergetiki. Rezhimy s obostreniem, samoorganizatsiya, tempomiry [The Basics of Synergy. The Regimes with Sharpening, Self-Organization, Tempo-Worlds]. St. Petersburg, Aletheia Publ., 2002. 414 p. (In Russian).
Casti J. Bol’shie sistemy. Svyaznost’, slozhnost’ i katastrofy [The Large systems. The Connectedness, Complexity and Disaster]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1982, 216 p. (In Russian).
Frankl V. Chelovek v poiskah smysla [Man’s Search for Meaning]. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1990, 368 p. (In Russian).
Branskiy V. P. Filosofskiy analiz ponyatiya tsennosti [The Philosophical Analysis of Value’s Conception]. Filosofskiy analiz ponyatiya tsennosti [Synergetic theory of value]. St. Petersburg, LEMA Publ., 2012, pp. 27–59. (In Russian).
Kant I. Kritika chistogo razuma [Critique of Pure Reason]. Sochineniya: v 6 t. [Works: in 6 vols.] Moscow, Mysl’ Publ., 1964, vol. 3, 799 p. (In Russian).
Busov S.V., Zobova M.R. Antropnyi printsip v svete evolyutsionizma i sinergetiki [The Anthropic Principle in the Light of Evolutionism and Synergy]. St. Petersburg: «AIC» Ltd. Publ., 2016, 392 p. (In Russian).
Jantsch E. The Self-Organizing Universe: Scientific and Human Implications оf the Emerging Paradigm of Evolution. Oxford; New York; Toronto; Sydney; Paris; Frankfurt: Pergamon Press, 1980, 342 p. (In English).
Eigen M., Schuster P. Hyperzyklus: Prinzipien der Selbstorganisation von Makromolekülen [Hypercycle: the Principles of Self-Organization of Macromolecules]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1982, 268 p. (In Russian).
Hartmann N. K osnovopolozheniyu ontologii [By Fundamental Principle of Ontology]. St. Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 2003, 640 p. (In Russian).
Hartmann N. Etika [Ethics]. St. Petersburg, Vladimir Dal’ Publ., 2002, 708 p. (In Russian).
Leibniz G.W. Opyty teodetsii o blagosti Bozhiey, svobode cheloveka i nachale zla [The Experiments of Theodicy on the Goodness of God, Human Freedom and the Beginning of Evil] Sochineniya: v 4 t. [Works: in 4 vols.]. Moscow, Mysl’ Publ., 1989, vol. 4, 554 p. (In Russian).
Plantinga A. The Nature of Necessity. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974, 256 p. (In English).
Zobova M.R. Antropnyi printsip v structure predstavlenyi ob evolutstyi Vselennoy i cheloveka [The Anthropic Principle in the Structure of the Presentations about the Evolution of the Universe and the Human Being]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya [Perm University Herald. Series «Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology»]. 2013, iss. 3(15), pp. 33–40. (In Russian).
Barrow J.D., Tipler F.J. The Anthropic Cosmological Principle. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986, 706 р. (In English).
Smolin L., Susskind L. Smolin vs. Susskind: The Anthropic Principle. Available at: http://edge.org/conversation/smolin-vs-susskindthe-anthropic-principle (accessed 15.01.2015). (In English).
Branskiy V.P. Filosofiya fisiki XX veka. Itogi i perspektivy [Physics Philosophy of the 20th Century. Results and Prospects]. St. Petersburg, Politekhnika Publ., 2002, 253 p. (In Russian).
Branskiy V.P. Filosofskoe znachenie «problemy naglyadnosty» v sovremennoy fisike [The Philosophical Meaning of «Visibility Problem» in Modern Physics]. Moscow, Book House «LIBROKOM» Publ., 2010, 192 p. (In Russian).
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Perm University Herald. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
