The Lexeme ‘Happiness’ in the Language Consciousness of Russian and Chinese University Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2023-3-44-53Keywords:
moral and ethical value; linguistic consciousness; semantic structure of the lexeme; component analysis; semantic field; social group; socio-psychological factor.Abstract
The paper aims to reveal the moral and ethical values represented by the lexeme ‘happiness’ that are reflected in the linguistic consciousness of Chinese and Russian university students. To this end, the author studies the semantic structure of the lexeme ‘happiness’ in the linguistic consciousness of students. Linguistic consciousness is a verbal reflection of our knowledge, our understanding of the world around us. The influence of socio-psychological factors ‘gender’ and ‘nationality’ on the understanding of happiness by students is determined in the article. The study employs the method of component analysis, on the basis of which the semes constituting the meaning of the word ‘happiness’ in the perception of Russian and Chinese informants are distinguished. In total, there have been identified 24 components in the consciousness of Russian informants and 18 components – in the consciousness of Chinese. The components are represented by a semantic field, which is understood as the structure of the lexical meaning of a word. It consists of a core, pre-core zone, and periphery. A comparison of semantic fields of the lexeme ‘happiness’ as perceived by the informants showed both similarities and differences in its perception in the linguistic consciousness of Russian and Chinese students. Most Russian and Chinese informants understand happiness as a state of contentment, which coincides with the definitions in Russian and Chinese dictionaries. At the same time, there are peculiarities in the understanding of happiness in different linguistic societies. Russians see happiness as calmness, fun, and the overcoming of difficulties, while Chinese students consider it to comprise enjoyment in life, being loved, anticipation of the future, and health.References
Арбатский Д. И. Толкование значений слов: Семантические определения. Ижевск: Удмуртия, 1977. 100 с.
БАС – Словарь современного русского литературного языка / под ред. Л. И. Балахонова, Л. А. Воинова. М.; Л., АН СССР, 1963. Т. 14. 1392 с.
БЭС – Большой энциклопедический словарь. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Бол. рос. энцикл.; СПб.: Норинт, 1997. 1456 с.
Виноградов С. Н. К лингвистическому пониманию ценности // Русская словесность в контексте мировой культуры: материалы Междунар. науч. конф. РОПРЯЛ. Н. Новгород: Изд-во Нижегород. ун-та, 2007. С. 93–97.
Ерофеева Т. И. Социолект: стратификационное исследование: монография / Перм. гос. ун-т. Пермь, 2009. 240 с.
Залевская А. А. Текст и его понимание: монография. Тверь, 2001. 177 с.
Корлякова А. Ф. Оценочный аспект в языковой картине мира русского и английского социумов (экспериментальное исследование).: дис. … канд. филол наук. Пермь, 2012. 235 с.
Леонтьев А. А. Основы психолингвистики. М.: Смысл; СПБ.: Лань, 2003. 287 с.
Леонтьев А. Н. Деятельность. Сознание. Личность. М.: Политиздат, 1975. 304 с.
Ли Юнно. Лексема «счастье» в языковом сознании китайских студентов // Проблемы филологии глазами молодых исследователей: сб. материалов конф. студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых (г. Пермь, 14–15 мая 2021 г.) / Перм. гос. нац. исслед. ун-т. Пермь, 2021. С. 39–44. URL: http://www.psu.ru/files/docs/science/books/sborniki/problemy_filology_2021.pdf (дата обращения: 10.11.2022)
Рубинштейн С. А. Основы общей психологии. СПб.: Питер, 1999. 720 с.
Словарь по этике / под ред. А. А. Гусейнова и И. С. Кона. 6-е изд. М.: Политиздат, 1989. 447 с.
Современный китайский словарь: двухцветное фототипическое издание / под ред. коммерческого международного словаря. Пекин: Коммер. изд-во, 2017. 1471 с. 现代汉语词典:
双色缩印本/商务国际辞书编辑部编. 2017. 1471 p. (Xian dai han yu ci dian: shuang se suo yin ban / Shang wu guo ji ci shu bian ji bu bian 2017. 1471 p.)
Усачева А. Н. Лингвистические параметры концепта «состояние здоровья» в современном английском языке: дис. … канд. филол. наук. Волгоград, 2002. 167 с.
ФС – Философский словарь / под ред. И. Т. Фролова. 5-е изд. М.: Политиздат, 1983. 590 с.
Язык и сознание: Парадоксальная рациональность / науч. ред. Е. Ф. Тарасов. М.: Наука, 1993, 174 с.
References
Arbatskiy D. I. Tolkovanie znacheniy slov: Semanticheskie opredeleniya [Interpretation of the Meanings of Words: Semantic Definitions]. Izhevsk, Udmurtiya Publ, 1977. 100 p. (In Russ.)
BAS – Slovarʼ sovremennogo russkogo literaturenogo yazyka [Dictionary of the Modern Russian Literary Language]. Ed. by L. I. Balakhonov, L. A. Voinov. Moscow, Leningrad, Academy of Sciences of the USSR Publ., 1963, vol. 14. 1392 p. (In Russ.)
BES – Bolʼshoy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ [A Large Encyclopedic Dictionary]. 2nd ed., rev. and exp. Moscow, Bol’shaya Rossiyskaya Entsiklopediya Publ., St. Petersburg, Norint Publ., 1997. 1456 p. (In Russ.)
Vinogradov S. N. K lingvisticheskomu ponimaniyu tsennosti [On a linguistic understanding of
value]. Russkaya slovesnostʼ v kontekste mirovoy kulʼtury: Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii ROPRYAL [Russian Literature in the Context of World Culture: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference ROPRYAL]. Nizhny Novgorod, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Press, 2007, pp. 93–97. (In Russ.)
Erofeeva T. I. Sotsiolekt: stratifikatsionnoe issledovanie [Sociolect: a Stratification Study]: a monograph. Perm, Perm State University Press, 2009. 240 p. (In Russ.)
Zalevskaya A. A. Tekst i ego ponimanie [Text and Its Understanding]: a monograph. Tver, 2001. 177 p. (In Russ.)
Korlyakova A. F. Otsenochnyy aspekt v yazykovoy kartine mira russkogo i angliyskogo sotsiumov (eksperimental’noe issledovanie). Diss. dokt. filol. nauk [Evaluative aspect in the language picture of the world of Russian and English societies (experimental study). Dr. philol. sci. diss.]. Perm, 2012. 235 p. (In Russ.)
Leontiev A. A. Osnovy psikholingvistiki [Fundamentals of Psycholinguistics]. Moscow, Smysl Publ., St. Petersburg, Lanʼ Publ., 2003. 287 p. (In Russ.)
Leontiev A. N. Deyatel’nost’. Soznanie. Lichnostʼ [Activity. Consciousness. Personality]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1975. 304 p. (In Russ.)
Li Yongnuo. Leksema ‘shchast’eʼ v yazykovom soznanii kitayskikh studentov [Lexeme ‘happiness’ in the language consciousness of Chinese university students]. Problemy filologii glazami molodykh issledovateley: Sbornik materialov konferentsii studentov, aspirantov i molodykh uchenykh [Issues of Philology Through the Eyes of Young Scientists: Proceedings of the Conference of Students, Postgraduate Students and Young Scientists], 2021, pp. 39–44. Available at: http://www.psu.ru/files/
docs/science/books/sborniki/problemy_filology_20
pdf (accessed 10 Nov 2022). (In Russ.)
Rubinstein S. A. Osnovy obshchey psikhologii [Fundamentals of General Psychology]. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 1999. 720 p. (In Russ.)
Slovarʼ po etike [Dictionary of Ethics]. Ed. by A. A. Guseynov and I. S. Kon. 6th ed. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1989. 447 p. (In Russ.)
Xian dai han yu ci dian: shuang se suo yin ban [A Modern Chinese Dictionary. Ed. by Business International Dictionary Editorial Department. Beijing, Commercial Press Ltd., 2017. 1471 p. (In Chin.)
Usacheva A. N. Lingvisticheskie parametry kontsepta ‘sostoyanie zdorovʼyaʼ v sovremennom angliyskom yazyke. Diss. kand. filol. nauk [Linguistic parameters of the concept ‘state of healthʼ in modern English. Cand. philol. sci. diss.]. Volgograd, 2002. 167 p. (In Russ.)
FS – Filosofskiy slovar’ [Philosophical Dictionary]. Ed. by I. T. Frolova. 5th ed. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1983. 590 p. (In Russ.)
Yazyk i soznanie: paradoksalʼnaya ratsionalʼnostʼ [Language and Consciousness: Paradoxical Rationality]. Ed. by E. F. Tarasov. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1993. 174 p. (In Russ.)
