Language Representation of the Speaker’s Average Level of Professionalism in a Biographical Interview (Based on the English Language)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-1-73-80Keywords:
speech markers; linguistic representation of the level of professionalism; sociolinguistic categories; literary and colloquial type of speech culture; understatement; discourse; language personality.Abstract
The research is focused on identification of the language markers functioning in English oral spontaneous speech that correlate with the average level of professional knowledge in representatives of humanitarian professions and that may be detected by the recruitment commission during the employee selection process. The purpose of the study is to identify these speech signs, conduct their sociolinguistic analysis, and systematize them according to such parameters as syntax, vocabulary, grammar, speech strategy, type of speech culture, and etiquette. The research material is composed of modern video interviews with representatives of creative professions from English-language talk shows and television programs. Methodologically, the study is based on sociolinguistic categories method of Professor T. A. Ivushkina, as well as the methods of description, generalization, and interpretation. As a result of the study, the author has detected such speech markers of the middle level professionals as the predominance of complex sentences having a broken syntactic structure, an abundance of enumerations, clichéd media assertions, pseudo-connecting and discursive words, comparisons expressed by verbal and adjective metaphor, phrasal verbs with metaphorical meanings, speakers’ preference for nominative adjectives, sporadic use of abstract nouns, avoiding the usage of foreign words, phraseological units, terminology, pun, and irony. The speech strategy is characterized by softened unobtrusive modulation, hesitation, a large number of empty words and the lack of independence in judgments, double understatement in speakers’ remarks about themselves. The main type of speech is the literary-colloquial type of speech culture, the habit of dialogical communication.References
Василенко Д. В. Стадии формирования профессионального знания и их репрезентация в тексте (на материале текстов нанотехнологий) // Вестник Пермского университета. Российская и зарубежная филология. 2021. Т. 13,
вып. 1. С. 15–23. doi 10.17072/2073-6681-2021-1-15-23
Дружилов С. А. Уровни профессионализма, стадии профессиональной компетентности и самопознание: проявление закона диалектического отрицания в профессионализации [Электронный ресурс] // Современные научные исследования и инновации. 2015. № 10 (54). C. 563–572. URL: http://web.snauka.ru/issues/2015/10/58815 (дата обращения: 25.01.2020).
Ивушкина Т. А. «Словарь» аристократа в произведениях художественной литературы XIX века // Филологические науки. 1996. № 2. С. 81–89.
Карасик В. И. Лингвокультурный типаж «русский интеллигент» // Аксиологическая лингвистика: лингвокультурные типажи: cб. науч. тр. / под ред. В.И. Карасика. Волгоград: Парадигма, 2005. С. 25–61.
Китайгородская М. В., Розанова Н. Н. Устный текст как источник социокультурной информации // Поэтика. Стилистика. Язык и культура: памяти Т. Г. Винокур / [отв. ред. Н. Н. Розанова]; РАН. Ин-т рус. яз. им. В. В. Виноградова. М., 1996. С. 222–232.
Козырева О. А. Основные аспекты отечественных и зарубежных концепций профессионального развития // Educational Technology & Society. 2007. № 10 (4). P. 376–379.
Крысин Л. П. Современный русский интеллигент: попытка речевого портрета // Русский язык в научном освещении. 2001. № 1. С. 90–106.
Седов К. Ф. Речевое поведение и типы языковой личности // Культурно-речевая ситуация в современнойРоссии. Екатеринбург: Изд-во Урал. ун-та, 2000. С. 298–311.
Сковородников А. П., Копнина А. Г. Модель культурно-речевой компетенции студента высшего учебного заведения // Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanitiers & Social Sciences Supplement. 2009. № 2. C. 5–18.
Черниговская Т. В. Чеширская улыбка кота Шрёдингера: язык и сознание. Языки славянской культуры. М.: Языки славянской культуры. 2013. 448 с.
Baron J. M., Bluck S. Autobiographical memory sharing in everyday life: Characteristics of a good story // International Journal of Behavioral Development. 2009. Vol. 33. P. 105–117.
Bruner J. Life as narrative // Social Research. 1987. № 54 (1). P. 11–32.
Eakin P. J. Living Autobiographically: How We Create Identity in Narrative. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2008. 208 p.
Lyubomirsky S., Sousa L., Dickerhoof R. The costs and benefits of writing, talking, and thinking about life’s triumphs and defeats // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2006. № 90. Р. 692–708.
McAdams D. The stories we live by: personal myths and the making of the Self. New York; London: The Guilford press. 1993. 336 p.
Singer J. A. Narrative identity and meaning making across the adult lifespan: An introduction // Journal of Personality. 2004. № 72 (3). P. 437–460.
Thorne A. Putting the person into social identity // Human Development. 2004. Vol. 253. Р. 1–5.
References
Vasilenko D. V. Stadii formirovaniya professional’nogo znaniya i ikh reprezentatsiya v tekste (na materiale tekstov nanotekhnologiy) [Professional knowledge formation stages and their representation in a text (as illustrated by nanotechnology research texts)]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Rossiyskay i zarubezhnaya filologiya [Perm University Herald. Russian and Foreign Philology], 2021, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 15–23. doi 10.17072/2073-6681-2021-1-15-23. (In Russ.)
Druzhilov S. A. Urovni professionalizma, stadii professional'noy kompetentnosti i samopoznanie: proyavlenie zakona dialekticheskogo otritsaniya v professionalizatsii [Levels of professionalism, stages of the professional competence and professional self-awareness: Manifestation of the law of dialectical negation in the professionalization]. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovatsii [Modern Scientific Researches and Innovation], 2015, issue 10 (54), pp. 563-572. Available at: http://web.snauka.ru/issues/2015/10/58815 (accessed 25.01.2020). (In Russ.).
Ivushkina T. A. ʽSlovar'ʼ aristokrata v proizvedeniyakh khudozhestvennoy literatury 19 veka [The ʽvocabularyʼ of an aristocrat in fiction works of the 19th century]. Filologicheskie nauki [Philology. Theory&Practice], 1996, issue 2, pp. 81-89. (In Russ.).
Karasik V. I. Lingvokul'turnyy tipazh ʽrusskiy intelligentʼ [The linguistic and cultural type ʽRussian intellectualʼ]. Aksiologicheskaya lingvistika: lingvokul'turnye tipazhi [Axiological Linguistics: Linguistic and Cultural Types: Collection of scientific works]. Ed. by V. I. Karasik. Volgograd, Paradigma Publ., 2005, pp. 25-61. (In Russ.).
Kitaygorodskaya M. V., Rozanova N. N. Ustnyy tekst kak istochnik sotsiokul'turnoy informatsii [Oral text as a source of sociocultural information]. Poetika. Stilistika. Yazyk i kul'tura: pamyai T. G. Vinokur [Poetics. Stylistics. Language and Culture: In memory of T. G. Vinokur]. Ed. by N. N. Rozanova. Moscow, V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 1996, pp. 222-232. (In Russ.).
Kozyreva O. A. Osnovnye aspekty otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh kontseptsiy professional'nogo razvitiya [The main aspects of domestic and foreign concepts of professional development]. Educational Technology & Society, 2007, issue 10 (4), pp. 376– 379. (In Russ.)
Krysin L. P. Sovremennyy russkiy intelligent: popytka rechevogo portreta [The modern Russian intellectual: An attempt at a speech portrait]. Russkiy yazyk v nauchnom osveshchenii [Russian Language and Linguistic Theory], 2001, issue 1, pp. 90-106. (In Russ.).
Sedov K. F. Rechevoe povedenie i tipy yazykovoy lichnosti [Speech behavior and types of language personality]. Kul'turno-rechevaya situatsiya v sovremennoy Rossii [The Cultural and Speech Situation in Modern Russia]. Ekaterinburg, Ural State University Press, 2000, pp. 298- 11. (In Russ.).
Skovorodnikov A. P., Kopnina A. G. Model' kul'turno-rechevoy kompetentsii studenta vysshego
uchebnogo zavedeniya [On the model of speech culture of a student of a higher institution]. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences. Supplement, 2009, issue 2, pp. 5-18. (In Russ.).
Chernigovskaya T. V. Cheshirskaya ulybka kota Shredingera: yazyk i soznanie. Yazyki slavyanskoy kul'tury [The Cheshire Smile of Schrödinger's Cat: Language and Consciousness. Languages of Slavic Culture]. Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 2013. 448 p. (In Russ.)
Baron J. M., Bluck S. Autobiographical memory sharing in everyday life: Characteristics of a good story. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2009, vol. 33, pp. 105–117. (In Eng.)
Bruner J. Life as narrative. Social Research, 1987, issue 54 (1), pp. 11–32. (In Eng.)
Eakin P. J. Living Autobiographically: How We Create Identity in Narrative. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 2008. 208 p. (In Eng.)
Lyubomirsky S., Sousa L., Dickerhoof R. The costs and benefits of writing, talking, and thinking about life’s triumphs and defeats. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2006, issue 90, pp. 692-708. (In Eng.)
McAdams D. The Stories We Live By: Personal Myths and the Making of the Self. New York, London, Guilford Press, 1993. 336 p. (In Eng.)
Singer J. A. Narrative identity and meaning making across the adult lifespan: An introduction. Journal of Personality, 2004, issue 72 (3), pp. 437-460. (In Eng.)
Thorne A. Putting the person into social identity.
Human Development, 2004, vol. 253, pp. 1-5. (In Eng.)
