TRACES OF ORIGINAL IDIOSTYLES IN POETIC TRANSLATIONS (‘In Memory of the Poet. Variation’ by T. Venclova in the Interpretation of J. Brodsky and A. Gerasimova)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2037-6681-2018-4-13-19Keywords:
Т. Venclova, J. Brodsky, А. Gerasimova (Umka), In Memory of the Poet. Variation, “big poem”, poetic translation.Abstract
The article deals with translations of the poem by Tomas Venclova done by Josef Brodsky and Anna Gerasimova (Umka), who are representatives of different periods and styles. The poem In Memory of the Poet. Variation, dedicated to O. Mandelstam, continues the tradition of epitaphs on a poet and is genetically related to the elegy by J. Brodsky Verses on the Death of T. S. Eliot. Analysis of the target text, comparison with the Lithuanian original and Brodsky’s verses of different years (Minuet (Sketch), Aqua vita nuova, etc.) made it possible to discover which features characteristic of his own poems were used by J. Brodsky in the translation, what interpretation the images of the source text received, being supplemented by the metaphorical character of the “big poem” – Brodsky’s genre form based on variations and repetitions, associative relations of motifs and images. The translation by A. Gerasimova is more precise, the poetic language is simplified. The translator reduced the number of expanded metaphors and epithets. The language of her own poems is also lapidary. They are mostly eight-verse, two- and three-quatrain compositions that are distinguished by the clarity of language, imagery, syntax, strophic form, accuracy of rhyme.Josef Brodsky and Anna Gerasimova conveyed the poetological motif of the original in accordance with their own creative attitudes: the idea of the power of a word is emphasized by J. Brodsky, the rejection of the poet’s high mission determines the poetics of the translation by A. Gerasimova. The text by Tomas Venclova in translation by two poets with different stylistic strategies found its middle position, balancing between semantic complexity and simplicity of the poetic language.References
Азаренков А. Поэтика композиции «больших стихотворений» Иосифа Бродского: дис. … канд. филол. наук. Смоленск, 2017. 220 с.
Барковская Н. В. Детские книги стихов: двойная адресация (М. Моравская, Умка, М. Яснов) // Книга стихов как феномен культуры России и Беларуси / Н. В. Барковская, У. Ю. Верина, Л. Д. Гутрина, В. Ю. Жибуль. М.; Екатеринбург: Кабинетный ученый, 2016. С. 496–513.
Бродский И. Сочинения Иосифа Бродского. Т. II. СПб.: Пушкинский фонд, 2001. 440 с.
Бродский И. Сочинения Иосифа Бродского. Т. III. СПб.: Пушкинский фонд, 2001. 312 с.
Бродский И. Сочинения Иосифа Бродского. Т. IV. СПб.: Пушкинский фонд, 2001. 432 с.
Бродский И. Сочинения Иосифа Бродского. Т. VI. СПб.: Пушкинский фонд, 2003. 456 с.
Венцлова Т. Развитие семантической поэтики // Полухина В. Бродский глазами современников: сб. интервью. СПб.: Журнал «Звезда», 1997. С. 265–277.
Венцлова Т. Metelinga: Стихотворения и не только / пер. и сост. А. Герасимова. М.: Пробел-2000 – Umka-Press, 2017. 244 с.
Герасимова А. От составителя // Венцлова Т. Metelinga: Стихотворения и не только / пер. и сост. А. Герасимова. М.: Пробел-2000 – Umka-Press, 2017. С. 3–4.
Левин Ю. Д. К вопросу о переводной множественности // Классическое наследие и современность: сб. ст. Л.: Наука, 1981. С. 365–372.
Мандельштам О. Собрание сочинений: в 4 т. М.: Арт-Бизнес-Центр, 1999. Т. 1. 366 с.
Мандельштам О. Собрание сочинений: в 4 т. М.: Арт-Бизнес-Центр, 1994. Т. 3. 527 с.
Полухина В. Бродский глазами современников: сб. интервью. СПб.: Журнал «Звезда», 1997. 336 с.
Топер П. М. [Анкета о критике перевода: ответы] // Теория и практика перевода: Респ. межведомств. науч. сб. Киев: Вища школа, 1988. С. 25–47.
Топер П. М. Перевод и литература: творческая личность переводчика // Вопросы литературы. 1998. № 6. С. 178–199.
Liberis A. Lietuvių-rusų kalbų žodynas. Vilnius: Mokslas, 2001. 951 p.
References
Azarenkov A. Poetika kompozitsii “bol’shikh stikhotvoreniy” Iosifa Brodskogo. Diss. kand. filol. nauk. [Poetics of the composition of “big poems” by Joseph Brodsky. Cand. philol. sci. diss.]. Smolensk, 2017. 220 p. (In Russ.)
Barkovskaya N. V. Detskie knigi stikhov: dvoynaya adresatsiya (M. Moravskaya, Umka, M. Yasnov) [Children’s books of poems: double addressing (M. Moravskaya, Umka, M. Yasnov)]. Barkovskaya N. V., Verina U. Yu. Gutrina L. D., Zhibul’ V. Yu. Kniga stikhov kak fenomen kul’tury Rossii i Belarusi [A book of poems as a culture phenomenon in Russia and Belarus]. Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Armchair Scientist Publ., 2016, pp. 496–513. (In Russ.)
Brodsky J. Sochineniya Iosifa Brodskogo [Works by Joseph Brodsky]. St. Petersburg, Pushkin Fund Publ., 2001, vol. 2. 440 p. (In Russ.)
Brodsky J. Sochineniya Iosifa Brodskogo [Works by Joseph Brodsky]. St. Petersburg, Pushkin Fund Publ., 2001, vol. 3. 312 p. (In Russ.)
Brodsky J. Sochineniya Iosifa Brodskogo [Works by Joseph Brodsky]. St. Petersburg, Pushkin Fund Publ., 2001, vol. 4. 432 p. (In Russ.)
Brodsky J. Sochineniya Iosifa Brodskogo [Works by Joseph Brodsky]. St. Petersburg, Pushkin Fund Publ., 2003, vol. 6. 456 p. (In Russ.)
Ventslova T. Razvitie semanticheskoy poetiki [The development of semantic poetics]. Polukhina V. Brodskiy glazami sovremennikov: sb. interv’yu [Brodsky through the eyes of his contemporaries: a collection of interviews]. St. Petersburg, Zhurnal “Zvezda”, 1997, pp. 265–277. (In Russ.)
Ventslova T. Metelinga: Stikhotvoreniya i ne tol'ko [Metelinga: Poems and not only]. Transl. and сomp. by A. Gerasimova. Moscow, Probel-2000 – Umka-Press, 2017, 244 p. (In Russ. and Lith.)
Gerasimova A. Ot sostavitelya [From the compiler]. Ventslova T. Metelinga: Stikhotvoreniya i ne tol’ko [Metelinga: Poems and not only]. Moscow, Probel-2000 – Umka-Press, 2017, pp. 3–4. (In Russ. and Lith.)
Levin Yu. D. K voprosu o perevodnoy mnozhestvennosti [On the issue of translated multiplicity]. Klassicheskoe nasledie i sovremennost’: sb. statey [Classical heritage and modernity: a collection of articles]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1981, pp. 365–372. (In Russ.)
Mandelshtam O. Sobranie sochineniy: v 4 t. [Collected Works: in 4 vols.]. Moscow, Art-Business Center Publ., 1999, vol. 1. 366 p. (In Russ.)
Mandelshtam O. Sobranie sochineniy: v 4 t. [Collected Works: in 4 vols.]. Moscow, Art-Business Center Publ., 1999, vol. 3. 527 p. (In Russ.)
Polukhina V. Brodskiy glazami sovremennikov: sb. interv’yu [Brodsky through the eyes of his contemporaries: a collection of interviews]. St. Petersburg, “Zvezda” Journal Publ., 1997. 336 p. (In Russ.)
Toper P. M. Anketa o kritike perevoda: otvety [The questionnaire on translation criticism: аnswers]. Teoriya i praktika perevoda: Resp. mezhvedomstv. nauch. sb. [Theory and practice of translation: Republican interdepartmental collection of scientific papers]. Kiev, Vishcha shkola Publ., 1988, рр. 25–47. (In Russ.)
Toper P. M. Perevod i literatura: tvorcheskaya lichnost’ perevodchika [Translation and literature: the creative personality of an interpreter]. Voprosy Literatury, 1998, issue 6, pp. 178–199. (In Russ.)
Liberis A. Lithuanian-Russian dictionary. Vilnius, Mokslas, 2001, 951 p. (In Russ. and Lith.)
