Determination of fiber quality indicators in wilt-resistant cotton varieties under Absheron conditions

Abstract

Pests and diseases create great difficulties for obtaining high and stable cotton yields. Among cotton diseases, the greatest damage is caused by root rot, gummosis and wilt (withering). A particularly harmful cotton disease is infectious wilt, which is caused by two pathogens - parasitic fungi Verticillium and Fusarium, in connection with which verticillium and fusarium wilt are distinguished. When cotton is affected by verticillium wilt, Verticillium dahliae Klebahn, not only its yield decreases, but also the quality of the fiber drops significantly. On the artificial infectious wilt background of the Absheron Research Base of the Institute of Genetic Resources, a study was conducted on the susceptibility of cotton varieties and forms to verticillium wilt and the technological characteristics of the fiber of local and introduced cotton varieties of different geographical origins. Collection varieties and forms of cotton of the species G. hirsutum were taken for the study in the amount of 31 variety samples. As a result of the study of the technological properties of cotton fiber: the upper average fiber length, specific breaking load, elongation before breaking, micronaire, linear density and resistance to verticillium wilt, in the amount of 31 variety samples were selected. According to the cluster analysis, cotton varieties by fiber quality indicators were grouped into two main groups and each group consisted of two subgroups. Based on the phytopathological assessment of cotton varieties and forms, it was found that the immune and wilt-resistant variety samples we selected also had high fiber quality indicators.