Soil and biological diversity of the natural environment in the area of mount Shudya-Pendysh: fresh and moist forest growing conditions

Abstract

To preserve the biological diversity of the natural environment in the vicinity of Mount Shudya-Pendysh, the territory deserves the status of specially protected in the region. Studies of forest ecosystems in the border zone of Intact Forest Landscapes (FSC certification) of Perm Krai (Mount Shudya-Pendysh, Krasnovishersky city district) were carried out. The data of 2021 on plantings formed in fresh and moist forest–growing conditions are given - mossy spruce, fern spruce, upland spruce and sour birch (forest type: mossy spruce). 39 species of vascular plants belonging to 37 genera, 25 families and 3 divisions were identified in the studied communities. The number of species is dominated by the families Rosaceae, Poaceae and Ranunculaceae. 58 species of agaricomycetes belonging to 27 genera, 17 families and 4 orders have been recorded. The Russulaceae and Cortinariaceae families predominate in the number of species. Mycorrhizal fungi predominate in trophic association (55.2%). Two species of fungi new to the Perm Region were found in the studied communities: Suillus acidus and Cortinarius betulinus. A protected lichen – Lobaria pulmonaria, listed in the Red Books of the Russian Federation and Perm Krai, has been noted. The greatest similarity of species composition was revealed between mossy spruce and fern spruce, both for plants (Jacquard coefficient (J × 100): J = 74.1) and for agaricomycetes (J = 36.4). The most typical soils for the surveyed sites are coarse-humus medium- and heavy-loamy brown soils on the eluvium of bedrock.