Formation of the geochemical environment under the influence of linear anthropogenic and natural-anthropogenic substance flows in urban areas

Review Paper

Abstract

The article presents a critical review of contemporary research focused on the influence of linear flows (small rivers and roads) on the geochemical environment of adjacent territories and the formation of specific geochemical anomalies within urbanized areas. The study examines the patterns of accumulation and distribution of microelements, iron, and titanium in bottom sediments, floodplain soils, and roadside soils. Based on the analysis of data from Russia and two groups of countries (developed and developing), a comparative analysis is conducted on geochemical anomalies shaped by the impact of urbanization and transport infrastructure. Data on the influence of various factors on the intensity and nature of technogenic transformation of geochemical landscapes are systematized. Particular attention is paid to the factors controlling the intensity and character of technogenic transformation, including climatic conditions, traffic intensity, and hydrological regime. The review confirms the necessity of using integrated monitoring methods for assessing the ecological risk associated with technogenic pollution and proposes approaches for the typification of geochemical anomalies forming in the zone of influence of linear flows.