GLOBALIZATION: BACKGROUND AND CONTEMPORARY STAGE PAST AND PRESENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2026-1-74-82Keywords:
globalization, integration, world economic relations, internationalization of processes, convergence, deglobalizationAbstract
The ongoing shifts in the international environment prompt a fresh look at global development trends and a reconsideration of relevant theoretical assumptions. Some researchers interpret these changes as a decline in globalization or a significant slowdown. Other experts perceive these changes as a retreat of globalization or even a dawn of deglobalization. The article analyzes the neoliberal concept of globalization and identifies the shortcomings of the "broad" notion of globalization, which blurs the criteria underlying the consensus understanding of this process. Historical statistical data show that globalization has experienced ups and downs, and periods of decline, from the 19th century to the present day. Each cycle had its own peculiarities. A distinctive feature of the current stage of globali-zation is the growing crisis of the global governance system. A decrease in international cooperation to address common problems is one indicator of globalization's decline. Multilateral institutions (the UN, WTO, G20, etc.) are displaying signs of dysfunction. The lack of progress in the multilateral negotia-tions within the Doha Round indicates the WTO's inability to promote trade liberalization. Ideas of economic nationalism are gaining ground globally. Available statistics are insufficient to assert that the world is entering a long-term period of deglobalization. However, many signs indicate a decline in globalization.References
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