MEDICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN THE BAIKAL REGION

Abstract

The article examines the medical and demographic processes in the Baikal region for the period of 2010-
2021 on the basis of statistical data from Rosstat and materials from the Territorial Body of State Statistics for the Irkutsk
region, the Republic of Buryatia, and Zabaykalsky Krai.
Regional features of medical and demographic processes were identified based on an analysis of the following
dynamic indicators: population size, fertility rate, mortality rate, natural movement, life expectancy at birth, general morbidity and its structure in comparison with the all-Russian dynamics. An integral assessment of the population's health
indicators was carried out based on the coefficient standardization method.
It has been established that the population in the region significantly decreased over the ten-year period. There is
noted a natural decline in the population due to negative trends in fertility and mortality, the proportion of the population
older than working age increased, while life expectancy was inferior to the all-Russian indicator throughout the entire period. Respiratory diseases predominated in the structure of the population morbidity. The integral assessment of the
population health in the Baikal region is lower than the Russian average; intraregional heterogeneity is observed in a
number of indicators.
The favorable development of medical and demographic processes in the region in the foreseeable future depends
on the implementation of full-scale socio-economic and medical preventive measures.