The factors of methane concentrations and emission fluxes formation analysis in water reservoirs

Review Paper

Abstract

The article analyzes and summarizes the results of published works aimed at establishing the influence of  various natural and anthropogenic factors and processes on the formation, concentration and oxidation of methane in water and sediments, as well as its emission in the "sediments – water – atmosphere" system. It has been established that the variability of concentrations and specific fluxes of methane in reservoirs is associated with the variability of hydrological and morphological features that determine the intensity of production and destruction processes, the nature of mechanical migration of organic and mineral matter and the distribution of lithological types of bottom sediments in different parts of the reservoir. Wind activity and the intake of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from the surface of the catchment area (including from anthropogenic sources) and as a result of decomposition of organic matter of soils and vegetation flooded during reservoir filling have a significant impact on the formation of methane concentrations and fluxes. It is shown that when assessing methane emissions into the atmosphere for each reservoir, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarity of the combined influence of natural and anthropogenic factors and processes.