Transformation of biogeocenoses components by species of Reynoutria Houtt. on the example of Moscow agglomeration

Original paper

Abstract

Based on the analysis of original field materials, the direct mechanisms of biogeocenosis components transformation by one of the most aggressive invasive species - representatives of the genus Reynoutria Houtt. - have been studied. The study was conducted within the boundaries of the Moscow agglomeration, where the problem of biological invasions is very acute. Of particular concern are species of the genus Reynoutria, which are more common in urban landscapes than in rural areas, and at the same time can damage the foundations of buildings and communications. It has been shown that with long-term preservation of Reynoutria populations, complete degradation of the original phytocenoses with the destruction of their composition and structure is possible. A large number of roots allows Reynoutria to retain smaller soil particles and thereby change the physical properties of soils. Soil mineralization in places where rhinenutria grows drops by 1,3-2 times compared to control points; surface soil horizons become poorer and are susceptible to salinity. A tendency towards acidification of soils by Reynoutria has been noted. Such a significant transformation of the surface soil horizons indicates the ineffectiveness of mechanical methods of combating Reynoutria, as well as the complexity of land reclamation after removal of the species. The organization of measures aimed at limiting the spread of plants of the genus in the territory of central European Russia is becoming essential.