LANGUAGE POLICY IN UKRAINE AS A FACTOR OF RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN RELATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2023-1-60-69Keywords:
identity; Ukrainian-Russian relations; language policy; foreign policy; Russification; Ukrainization; foreign policyAbstract
The article describes the process of Ukrainian authorities opting for the formation of a mono-linguistic strategy (after the collapse of the USSR), which was met with sharp rejection in Russia, and perceived as a tool for "reforging" the Russian population, which, as a result of the collapse of the USSR, found itself outside the borders of modern Russia. The materials of the article confirm the thesis that the Ukrainian language policy serves as a factor in the transformation of not only Ukrainian, but also Russian identity. The idea of protecting the Russian-speaking population acquired ideological forms, embodied in the concept of the “Russian world”. The article analyses the reaction of leading Ukrainian political actors to compromise solution of language issue, expressed in the adoption of the law on "regional languages" in 2012, which gives the right to regions and municipalities to use "languages of national minorities" along with Ukrainian. The abolition of the norm on regional languages in 2014 was one of the reasons for the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine; and the situation of 2022 has led to a new turn in the language policy in Ukraine, the use of the Ukrainian language as a key marker of identity and a resource for political struggle.References
Борисова, Н. В. (2017) Когда языки в огне: оспаривание языковых режимов как вызов балансу в межэтнических отношениях. Москва: Политическая энциклопедия, 189 с. [Borisova, N. V. (2017) When languages are on fire: con-testing language regimes as a challenge to balance in interethnic relations [Kogda yazyki v ogne: osparivanie yazykovyh rezhimov kak vyzov balansu v mezhet-nicheskih otnosheniyah]. Moscow: Polit-ical Encyclopedia, 189 p. (InRuss.)].
Витгенштейн, Л. (2005) Избранные работы. Логико-философский трактат. Москва: Издательский дом «Территория будущего», 440 с. [Witt-genstein, L. (2005) Selected Works. Logico-philosophical treatise. [Izbrannye raboty. Logiko-filosofskij traktat]. Mos-cow: Publishing House "Territory of the Future", 440 p. (In Russ.)].
Зимова, И. (2017) Вопросы идентичности русскоязычных граждан Украины [электронное издание]. URL: https://www.internationalalert.org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/08/Ukraine-Russophone-Identity-RU-2017.pdf (дата обращения: 21.11.2022) [Zimova, Iva (2017) Identity issues of Russian-speaking citizens of Ukraine [Voprosy identichnosti russko-yazychnyh grazhdan Ukrainy] [online]. Available at: https://www.internation-alalert. org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/08/ Ukraine-Russophone-Identity-RU-2017.pdf (Accessed: 21t November 2022).
Касьянов, Г. (2019) Украина и соседи: историческая политика 1989‒2018. Киев. 281 c. [Kasyanov, G. (2019) Ukraine and neighbors: historical politics 1989‒2018 [Ukraina i sosedi: is-toricheskaya politika 1989-2018]. Kyiv. 281 p. (InRuss.)].
Колода, С. А. (2020) ‘Языковая политика как фактор современного украинского внутриполитического противостояния’, Мир русскоговорящих стран, 3 (5), сс. 37‒55 [Kolodda, S. A. (2020) ‘Language policy as a factor in modern Ukrainian in-ternal political confrontation’ [YAzyko-vaya politika kak faktor sovremennogo ukrainskogo vnutripoliticheskogo pro-tivostoyaniya], World of Russian-speaking countries, 3 (5), pp. 37‒55. (In Russ.)].
Кулик, В. (2008) Мовна полiтика та мовна ситуацiя в Украïнi. Киïв: Вид. дiм «Киево-Могилянська академiя», 364 с. [Kulyk, V. (2008) Language policy and language situation in Ukraine [Movna politika ta movna situaciya v Ukraïni]. Kyiv: Ed. House "Kyiv-Mohyla Acade-my", 364 p. (In Ukr.)].
Кулик, В. (2018) ‘Надо меньше ненавидеть их, а больше любить себя’ [электронное издание]. URL: https://www.ukrinform.ru/rubric-society/2526183-vladimir-kulik-doktor-politiceskih-nauk.html (дата обращения 21 ноября 2022) [Kulik, V. (2018) ‘You need to hate them less and love yourself more’ [Nado men'she ne-navidet' ih, a bol'she lyubit' sebya] [online]. Available at: https://www.ukrinform.ru/rubric-society/2526183-vladimir-kulik-doktor-politiceskih-nauk.html (Ac-cessed: 21t November 2022). (In Russ.)].
Оньша, В. В. (2013) ‘Виктор Ющенко и украинские националисты: история «хрупкого союза»’, Вестн. Моск. ун-та. Сер. 25. Международные отношения и мировая политика, 1, сс. 127‒158. [Onsha, V. V. (2013) ‘Viktor Yushchenko and Ukrainian na-tionalists: the story of a "fragile union"’ [Viktor YUshchenko i ukrainskie nacion-alisty: istoriya «hrupkogo soyuza»], Vestn. Moscow university Ser. 25. Interna-tional relations and world politics, 1, рр. 127‒158. (In Russ.)].
Плотников, Д. С. (2018) ‘Языковая политика как инструмент конструирования идентичности (на примере Молдовы, Украины и Латвии)’, Вестник МГЛУ, 2, сс. 60‒81 [Plotnikov, D. S. (2018) ‘Language policy as a tool for constructing identity (on the example of Moldova, Ukraine and Latvia)’ [YAzykovaya politika kak in-strument konstruirovaniya identichnosti (na primere Moldovy, Ukrainy i Latvii)], Vestnik MSLU, 2, рр. 60‒81. (In Russ.)].
Снежкова, И. А. (2021) ‘Языковая политика на Украине как инструмент национальной дискриминации’, Власть, 1, сс. 332‒337 [Snezhkova, I. A. (2021) ‘Language policy in Ukraine as an in-strument of national discrimination’ [YAzykovaya politika na Ukraine kak in-strument nacional'noj diskriminacii], Vlast, 1, pp. 332‒337. (In Russ.)].
Талалаева, Е. Ю. (2018) ‘Людовиг Витген-штейн. Язык как логический образ мира’, Вестник ВГУ. Серия: Философия, 3, сс. 149‒154 [Talalaeva, E. Yu. (2018) ‘Ludwig Wittgenstein Language as a logical image of the world’ [Lyudovig Vitgenshtejn YAzyk kak logicheskij obraz mira], Vestnik VSU. Se-ries: Philosophy, 3, рр. 149‒154. (In Russ.)].
Погребинский, М., Толпыго А. (2007) Украина без Кучмы: год оранжевой власти: январь 2005–март 2006 года. Киев: Оптима, 744 c. [Pogrebinsky, M., Tolpy-go, A. (2007) Ukraine without Kuchma: a year of orange power: January 2005‒March 2006 [Ukraina bez Kuchmy: god oranzhevoj vlasti: yanvar' 2005–mart 2006 goda]. Kyiv: Optima, 744 p. (In Russ.)].
Barrington, L. (2022) ‘A New Look at Region, Language, Ethnicity and Civic National Identity in Ukraine’, Europe-Asia Studies, vol. 74, 3, рp. 360‒381.
Guglielmi, S. (2020) ‘Monolingualism and National Identity: Lessons from Europe’, Multilingualism and Politics Revisiting Multilingual Citizenship in: Strani, K. (ed.), pр. 205‒225.
Riabchuk, M. (2016) ‘Politics Ukrainians as Russia's negative ‘other: History comes full circle’, Communist and Post-Communist Studies, vol. 49, 1, Special Issue: between nationalism, authoritarianism, and fascism in Russia: exploring Vladimir Putin`s re-gime (March 2016), pp. 75‒89.
Sasse, G., Lackner, A. (2019) ‘War and State-Making in Ukraine: Forging a Civic Identity from Below?’, Foundation for Good Politics, 1(12), pp. 75‒98.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The author grants the Publisher of the journal (Perm State University) the right to use their article in the journal, as well as to include the text of the abstract, the full text of the article and information about authors in the "Russian Science Citation Index" (RSCI).
The author agrees to the processing of personal data.
The right to use the journal as a whole belongs to the Publisher and acts indefinitely on the territory of the Russian Federation and beyond in accordance with cl. 1260 of the Russian Federation Civil Code.
There is no author's fee paid for providing the above rights by the author.
The author of the article included in the journal retains the exclusive right to it, regardless of the Publisher's right to use the journal as a whole:
a. The authors retain their copyrights to the article and transfer the right of the first publication along with the article to the journal, while also licensing it on the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to distribute this article with the obligatory indication of authorship of the article and reference to the original publication in this journal.
b. The authors retain the right to enter into separate, additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive dissemination of the version of the text published by this journal (for example, post it in a university archive or publish it in a book), with reference to the original publication in this journal.
c. d. Authors are allowed to post their text on the Internet (for example, in a university archive or on their personal website) before and during the review process by this journal, as this can lead to a fruitful discussion and to higher number of the references to this published work (Please refer to The Effect of Open Access).
Submission of an article by the author implies that they agree for it to be used by the Publisher on the above conditions and to be included in the RSCI system. It also implicates that the author is aware of the terms of its use. The information about the author sent to the Publisher, including by e-mail, is also considered as such consent.
The editorial board posts the full text of the article on the Perm State University site: http://www.psu.ru and in the OJS system at http://press.psu.ru
The publication fee is not collected and fees are not paid. The author's copy is sent to the author to the address provided by them.
