HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL VANDALISM AND THE TURN OF ERAS: YEKATERINBURG ON THE EVE OF THE REVOLUTION
Keywords:
historical and cultural vandalism, Revolution of 1917, anti-commemorative practices, depreciation, blasphemy, UralAbstract
The article discusses the phenomenon of historical and cultural vandalism in Yekaterinburg during the period leading up to the 1917 Revolution. The aim of this research is to analyze anti-commemorative vandal practices aimed at devaluing and belittling the symbols of power of the emperor and the ruling house, as an important marker of the breakdown of moral principles, transformation of historical memory, and significant ideological changes in society. The article analyzes statistical data on criminal offenses considered by the Yekaterinburg District Court from 1910 to 1916, as well as materials from criminal cases containing elements of vandalism and insults to the person of the emperor and his family. It also examines periodicals published in the Urals from 1910 to 1917. For the first time, new historical sources have been introduced into scientific circulation. These include statistical information from the Annual Reports of the Yekaterinburg District Court for 1910, 1914 and 1915, the Report on the number and types of crimes in the district of the Yekaterinburg District Court for 1912, and the Report on the activities of judicial bailiffs assigned to the district court in 1916. The study employed an interdisciplinary approach, and used methods of historical, legal and statistical analysis. The author concludes that the Urals on the eve of the 1917 Revolution was an indicative region in terms of desacralizing tsarist power and losing the special divine status of the ruling house. This occurred against a backdrop of information silencing and the absence of harsh public censure. One form of expression of this ideological breakdown in society was acts of historical and cultural vandalism.References
Бабикова М.Р., Блинова О.А., Воробьева И.В. [и др.]. Культурный код вандализма: опыт кросс-культурного исследования / Урал. гос. пед. ун-т. Екатеринбург, 2021. 308 с.
Колоницкий Б.И. «Трагическая эротика»: образы императорской семьи в годы Первой мировой войны. М.: Новое литературное обозрение, 2010. 664 с.
Коновалова Н.А. Об изучении проблемы оскорбления крестьянами особы государя императора в начале XX века // Вестник Омск. ун-та. 2014. № 1. С. 42–47.
Корнева Н.М., Солнышкин А.А. «Оскорбление Его Величества дерзкими словами» как государ-ственное преступление (на материалах Санкт-Петербургских архивов) // Научный диалог. 2022. Т. 11, № 10. С. 388–409.
Сафонов Д.А. Деятельность правоохранительных органов России конца XIX ‒ начала ХХ века по правоприменению статей об «оскорблении величества» // Вестник Оренбург. гос. пед. ун-та. 2016. № 4 (20). С. 171–184.
Коробицына Л.В., Кружкова О.В. Историко-культурный вандализм как механизм трансформации исторической памяти // Диалог со временем. 2023. № 85. С. 315–325.
Радченко Д.А. «На человека стал похожим»: советские памятники Украины и России в кон-фликтном контексте (2013–2015) // Genius Loci: сб. ст. М.: Форум, 2016. С. 435–461.
Радченко Д.А. Бабы жарят крокодила: право на интерпретацию памятника // Фольклор и антропология города. 2019. Т. II, № 1-2. С. 230–255.
Adams T., Guttel-Klein Y. Make It Till You Break It: Toward a Typology of De-Commemoration // Sociological Forum. 2022. Vol. 37, no. 2. P. 603–625.
Chloupek B.R. Commemorative Vigilance Between Totalitarianisms: Slovakia’s “Victims Warn” Sculpture, from Counter-Monument to Anti-Monument. 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2023.04.007 (accessed: 20.10.2023).
Debruyne N. Contentious Heritage Spaces in Post-Communist Bulgaria: Contesting Two Monuments in Sofia. 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2023.09.003 (accessed: 20.10.2023).
Kosatica M. Building Monuments, Unleashing Anger: The Material Disruption of Contested Memoryscapes. 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emospa.2023.100963 (accessed: 23.10.2023).
References
Adams, T. & Y. Guttel-Klein (2022), “Make It Till You Break It: Toward a Typology of De-Commemoration”, Sociological Forum, vol. 37, № 2, pp. 603–625.
Babikova, M.R., Blinova, O.A., Vorobyeva, I.V., Devyatovskaya, I.V., Zlokazov, K.V., Korobitsyna, L.V., Kruzhkova, O.V. et al. (2021), Kul'turnyy kod vandalizma: opyt kross-kul'turnogo issledovaniya [The cultural code of vandalism: experience of cross-cultural research], Ural'skiy gosudarstvennyy pedagogicheskiy universitet, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 308 p.
Chloupek, B.R. (2023), Commemorative Vigilance Between Totalitarianisms: Slovakia’s “Victims Warn” Sculpture, from Counter-Monument to Anti-Monument, available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2023.04.007 (accessed: 20.10.2023).
Debruyne, N. (2023), Contentious Heritage Spaces in Post-Communist Bulgaria: Contesting Two Monuments in Sofia, available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2023.09.003 (accessed: 20.10.2023).
Kolonitskiy B. I. (2010), «Tragicheskaya erotika»: Obrazy imperatorskoy semyi v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny [“Tragic Erotica”: Images of the Imperial Family during the First World War], Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, Moscow, Russia, 664 p.
Konovalova, N. A. (2014), “On the study of the problem of insulting the person of the sovereign emperor by peasants in the early 20th century”, Vestnik Omskogo universiteta, № 1, pp. 42–47.
Korneva, N.M. & A.A. Solnyshkin (2022), “"Insulting His Majesty with Insolent Words" as a state crime (based on materials from the St. Petersburg Archives)”, Nauchnyy dialog, vol. 11, № 10, pp. 388–409.
Korobitsyna, L.V. & O.V. Kruzhkova (2023), “Historical and cultural vandalism as a mechanism for transforming historical memory”, Dialog so vremenem, № 85, pp. 315–325.
Kosatica, M. (2023), Building Monuments, Unleashing Anger: The Material Disruption of Contested Memoryscapes, available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emospa.2023.100963 (accessed: 23.10.2023).
Radchenko, D.A. (2016), “«He Became Like a Human»: Soviet Monuments in Ukraine and Russia in a Conflict Context (2013–2015), in Genius Loci: sb. st. [Genius Loci: collection of articles], Forum, Moscow, pp. 435–461.
Radchenko, D.A. (2019), “Women fry a crocodile: the right to interpret the monument”, Fol'klor i antropologiya goroda, vol. II, № 1-2, pp. 230–255.
Safonov, D.A. (2016), “Activities of law enforcement agencies of Russia in the late 19th – early 20th centuries in enforcing articles on «Insulting the Majesty»”, Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta, № 4 (20), pp. 171–184.
