FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPORT TRADE IN THE PRIMORSKY REGION IN 1902–1913: ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT AND CUSTOMS STATISTICS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2025-2-101-114Keywords:
Transport, export, Trans-Siberian Railway, Vladivostok, Far East, customs statistics, railway statistics, Russian Empire, ManchuriaAbstract
The article is devoted to the development of export and transit trade in the Primorsky Region of the Russian Empire from 1902 to 1913. The study is based on quantitative sources from the relevant period: materials of Russian customs statistics, as well as statistical reports of the Ussuri Railway and the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER) on cargo transportation. Since the second half of the 19th century, the transportation of goods between the coast of the Sea of Japan and the interior regions of Northeast China played a key role in the economic life of Primorye. The gradual opening of freight traffic along the Far Eastern section of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1891–1903 not only intensified such trade, but also changed its nature. Within a short time, the CER made it possible to establish the mass export of agricultural products from Manchuria to foreign markets, transit of Chinese tea to Siberia and European Russia, and contributed to the exceptionally rapid development of local fish sales in the same direction. Nevertheless, the export of goods from Primorye itself to Manchuria remained insignificant, and Vladivostok increasingly lost its role as a key supply point for Manchuria, gradually ceding this function to the port of Dalniy (Dalian) on the Liaodong Peninsula. The competition between the two ports became especially acute after the Russo-Japanese War, when Japan began actively taking measures to attract more cargo through Dairen (the former Dalniy), which was ceded to them in 1905.References
Беляева Н.А. От порто-франко к таможне: очерк региональной истории российского протекцио-низма. Владивосток: Дальнаука, 2003. 212 с. ISBN: 5-8044-0415-6. EDN: QVWXQL.
Березовский А.А. Таможенное обложение и порто-франко в Приамурском крае: опыт всесторон-него исследования. Владивосток, 1907. 88 с.
Бояхчян А.Г. Направления и объемы перевозок грузов по Уссурийской ж.д. в начальный период эксплуатации (в начале XX века) [Электронный ресурс] // Современные исследования социаль-ные. 2014. № 4 (36). С. 1–24. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/napravleniya-i-obemy-perevozok-gruzov-po-ussuriyskoy-zh-d-v-nachalnyy-period-ekspluatatsii-v-nachale-hh-veka (дата обращения: 10.11.2023). DOI: 10.12731/2218-7405-2014-4-3. EDN: SMJGVN.
Давыдов М.А. Всероссийский рынок в конце XIX – начале XX вв. и железнодорожная статистика. СПб.: Алетейя, 2010. 828 с. ISBN: 978-5-91419-056-6. EDN: PTZSBV.
Даттан А.В. Исторический очерк развития Приамурской торговли. М.: Тип. Т.И. Гаген, 1897. 192 с.
Зюзин К.А., Валетов Т.Я. Роль Транссибирской магистрали в снабжении Дальнего Востока в 1903–1913 гг.: сопоставительный анализ внешнеторговой и транспортной статистики [Электронный ресурс] // Историческая информатика. 2022. № 4. С. 1–35. URL: https://nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39097 (дата обращения: 01.10.2023). DOI: 10.7256/
-7797.2022.4.39097. EDN: EBBFWX.
Ивашкевич В.А. Маньчжурский лес. Описание восточной лесной концессии Китайской Восточ-ной железной дороги и план хозяйства на нее. Харбин, 1915. 514 с.
Поггенполь М.Ю. Очерки возникновения Добровольного Флота за время XXV-летнего его суще-ствования. СПб.: Тип. А. Бенке, 1903. 284 с.
Розанов Н.Г. Справочная книга по рыбопромышленности Дальнего Востока. [Б.м.]: Изд. Николаевского-на-Амуре коммерческого агентства, 1914. 142 с.
Слюнин Н.В. Современное положение нашего Дальнего Востока. СПб., 1908. 308 с.
Судзуки А. Японо-российские и японо-советские отношения в области рыболовства в период до Второй мировой войны [Электронный ресурс] // Вопросы истории рыбной промышленности Камчатки. 2001. URL: http://www.npacific.ru/np/library/publikacii/questhist/ist-2.htm (дата обраще-ния: 02.02.2023).
Хамзин И.Р. Система морского транзита русско-китайской торговли в 80‒90-е годы XIX века // Вестник Перм. ун-та. 2022. № 2. С. 154–165. DOI: 10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-154-165. EDN: THOCMU.
References
Belyaeva, N. A. (2003). Ot porto-franko k tamozhne: ocherk regional'noy istorii rossiyskogo protektsionizma [From porto-franco to customs: An essay on the regional history of Russian protectionism]. Vladivostok.
Berezovsky, A. A. (1907). Tamozhennoe oblozhenie i porto-franko v Priamurskom krae: Opyt vsestoronnego issledovaniya [Customs taxation and free port in the Amur region: Experience of a comprehensive study]. Vladivostok.
Boyahchyan, A. G. (2014). Directions and volumes of cargo transportation on the Ussuriysk railway in the initial period of operation (at the beginning of the 20th century). Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsial'nye problemy, 4(36), 1–24.
Dattan, A. V. (1897). Istoricheskiy ocherk razvitiya Priamurskoy torgovli [Historical sketch of the development of the Amur trade]. Moscow.
Davydov, M. A. Vserossiyskiy rynok v kontse XIX – nachale XX vv. i zheleznodorozhnaya statistika [All-Russian market at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries and railway statistics]. St. Petersburg.
Hamzin, I. R. (2022). Sistema morskogo tranzita Russko-Kitayskoy torgovli v 80-90-e gody XIX veka [The maritime transit system of Russian-Chinese trade in the 80-90s of the 19th century]. Perm University Herald. History, 2, 154–165.
Ivashkevich, V. A. (1915). Man'chzhurskiy les. Opisanie vostochnoy lesnoy kontsessii Kitayskoy Vostochnoy zheleznoy dorogi i plan khozyaystva na nee [Manchurian forest: Description of the eastern forest concession of the Chinese Eastern Railway and its management plan]. Harbin.
Poggenpol', M. Yu. (1903). Ocherki vozniknoveniya Dobrovol'nogo Flota za vremya XXV-letnego ego sushchestvovaniya [Essays on the emergence of the Voluntary Fleet during its 25-year existence]. St. Petersburg.
Rozanov, N. G. (1914). Spravochnaya kniga po rybopromyshlennosti Dal'nego Vostoka [Reference book on the fishing industry of the Far East]. Nikolaevsk-na-Amure: Kommercheskoe agentstvo.
Slyunin, N. V. (1908). Sovremennoe polozhenie nashego Dal'nego Vostoka [The current situation in our Far East]. St. Petersburg.
Sudzuki, A. (2001). Japanese-Russian and Japanese-Soviet relations in the field of fisheries before the Second World War. Voprosy istorii rybnoy promyshlennosti Kamchatki. http://www.npacific.ru/np/library/
publikacii/questhist/ist-2.htm
Zyuzin, K. A., & Valetov, T. Ya. (2022). The role of the Trans-Siberian Railway in supplying the Far East in 1903–1913: A comparative analysis of foreign trade and transport statistics. Istoricheskaya informatika, 4, 1–35. https://nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39097
