DEPUTY INTER-FACTIONAL GROUPS AS A PHENOMENON OF INTEREST REPRESENTATION IN THE STATE DUMA OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2026-2-110-120Keywords:
Russian Empire, State Duma, inter-faction groups, representation of interests, lobbying, interest groups, legislative activityAbstract
Parliamentary inter-factional groups are alternative forms of representation of interests in the State Duma of the Russian Empire, uniting on the basis of the social proximity of their members who share the priority needs of their social groups. These parliamentary associations are possess a number of advantages and disadvantages relative to political factions and differ in the tools for promoting their own interests. The tools of deputy groups are revealed through activities in the general hall and commissions of the Duma, interaction with society and lobbying activities in executive authorities. The article presents the author's classification of parliamentary inter-factional groups based on the degree of official institutionalization of the collective and the type of specific interests represented. The first criterion distinguishes pressure groups and deliberative groups, while the second criterion is modern class-corporate interest groups, traditional estate associations and ethno-territorial representations. The representation of modern interests, focused on the commission processing of government and deputy initiatives, supported by members of the Council of Ministers, State Council and organized expert communities, had the greatest potential in defending his own interests. Traditional and national-regional interest groups achieved minor improvements in the situation of their social groups but, due to limited opportunities, could not go beyond these limits.
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