Comparative analysis of performance and architectural characteris-tics of Spring Boot frameworks, ASP.NET Core and Ktor for develop-ing server applications

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of three modern frameworks for developing server applications: Spring Boot (Java/Kotlin), ASP.NET Core (C#) and Ktor (Kotlin). The relevance of the research is due to the need for an informed choice of the technological stack when creating highly loaded corporate systems. Unlike existing review papers, the article presents both qualitative comparison criteria (architectural features, modularity, ecosystem, security, monitoring) and quantitative ones: project build time, cold start time, code volume, as well as performance metrics under load — average latency (p50, p95, p99), bandwidth and memory consumption. The experiment was conducted on identical test scenarios (CRUD microservice with connection to the same database) with fixation of environmental conditions (CPU, RAM, OS, load testing tool). The results show that Ktor demonstrates the best rates of build and startup speed, the minimum amount of code, but is inferior ASP.NET Core uses operational memory, but surpasses it in terms of latency and bandwidth. Based on the data obtained, recommendations are formulated for choosing a framework depending on the priorities of the project: speed of development or performance or long-term support.