Human as a problem in Russian psychology
Psychology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2016-2-61-70Keywords:
whole man, personality, subject, individuality, structure of personality, human cognition, anthropological principle, comprehensive approach, anthropological psychology, psychological anthropology, pedagogical psychologyAbstract
The article analyzes the history of the problem of a whole man in Russian psychology in 1960–2010s. The urgency of the article is due to the growing interest in the problem of man and methodology of comprehensive studies in psychology. In the 1960s, B.G. Ananiev came out with an idea of the synthetic anthropology and of the anthropological principle. The problem of man in psychology has been described by the concepts of «a whole man», «individual», «personality», and «subject», «individuality», «personality structure». During the studied period there were implemented three big cycles of the integrated human studies in B.G. Ananiev, V.S. Merlin, B.M. Teplov scientific schools. In the post-Soviet period in psychology «anthropological turn» occurred. Anthropologism in Russian psychology connects with the subject approach of S. Rubinstein. A Man Institute was established in Russian Academy of Sciences, 1991. Within the post-soviet period the elaboration of the man problem has been influenced by the prerevolutionary Russian philosophers-idealists and partly religion conceptions. There have been existed a variety of the approaches and conceptions, which have been applied to a practice. The pedagogical anthropology has been animating (V. Slobodchikov). Nowadays synthetic cognition of a man is a super task of psychology and other sciences.References
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