The problem of conceptualizing the phenomenon of practice in the context of transdisciplinary strategies of post-non-classical science
Philosophy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2018-4-496-507Keywords:
practices, theory of practices, everyday life, revealing the nature of practices, background practices, transdisciplinarityAbstract
The difficulty of identifying the sustainable content of the concept of practice is due to the diversity of its application in various areas of social knowledge and the humanities in a changing world. Approaches to the definition of the notion of practice based on the principles of classical scientific rationality interpreted this phenomenon within the framework of certain concepts. From the standpoint of modern pluralism, classical concepts of practice expressed their specific content within local boundaries and presented only a few aspects of practical human activity in the dynamics of social relations. Philosophical concepts and social theories explaining the nature of practice have long remained disciplinarily isolated de facto, not revealing their potential. The modern use of the concept of practice is universal but highly uncertain, and in fact it is associated with any life activity. The task of detecting semantic differences and attempts tosynthesize universal contents of practical activities rooted in culture and having a specific historical significance is carried out based on the principles of the transdisciplinary approach. This approach is focused both on the integration of tools developed by various disciplinary areas and communication strategies aimed at developing common solutions in situations of conflict of interests and disagreement. In this regard, the possibilities of the research style called the «theory of practices», based on the ideas (developing the concept of L. Wittgenstein) of the background nature of the practices and the potential revealing those (justified by M. Heidegger), are considered. The principle of problematization (according to M. Foucault) of the diversity of the definition of practices for identifying common issues is shown in connection withcommunication strategies in post-non-classical practices. The practice-oriented approach allows us to perceive the practices as social structures which link subjective positions of the practitioner and the researcher. The interconnection of practices and the possibility of their communication in a self-organizing development are shown through the example of phenomena in philosophical practice and psychotherapy in integral social space.References
Астафьева О.Н. Постнеклассические практики как предметная область междисциплинарного проекта // Постнеклассические практики: опыт концептуализации : коллективная монография / под общ. ред. В.И. Аршинова и О.Н. Астафьевой. СПб.: Міръ, 2012. С. 500–506.
Богатая Л. Трансдисциплинарность: постнеклассический ракурс рецепции // Філософія освіти (Философия образования). 2015. № 1. С. 168–182.
Божков О.Б. Повседневность и практики: к уточнению понятий // Социологический журнал. 2014. № 4. С. 133–154.
Борисов Е., Инишев И., Фурс В. Практический поворот в постметафизической философии. Т. 1. Вильнюс: ЕГУ, 2008. 212 с.
Волик О.Ю. Возможные черты постнеклассичности в психологических практиках // Постнеклассические практики: опыт концептуализации: коллективная монография / под общ. ред. В.И. Аршинова и О.Н. Астафьевой. СПб.: Міръ, 2012. С. 383–392.
Волков В.В., Хархордин О.В. Теория практик. СПб.: Изд-во. Евр. ун-та в Санкт-Петербурге, 2008. 298 с.
Гаджикурбанова П.А. «Духовные упражнения» и «Забота о себе» (стоическая этика в интерпретации П. Адо и М. Фуко) // Этическая мысль. 2009. № 9. С. 27–42.
Гребенщикова Е.Г. Трансформации практик «заботы о себе» в социокультурном контексте // Постнеклассические практики: опыт концептуализации: коллективная монография / общ. ред. В.И. Аршинова и О.Н. Астафьевой. СПб.: Міръ, 2012. С. 354–363.
Гутнер Г.Б. Коммуникативное сообщество и субъект коммуникативного действия // Философия науки. Вып. 11: Этос науки на рубеже веков. М.: ИФ РАН, 2005. С. 82–108.
Дьяков А.А. Теория практик: социально-философский потенциал концепции // Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия: Философия. Психология. Педагогика. 2011. № 1. С. 8–12.
Коан Н. Философия практики сегодня // Скепсис. 2012. URL: https://scepsis.net/library/id_3792.html (дата обращения: 15.09.2018).
Макаревич А.В. Место, где свет. М.: Эксмо-Пресс, 2005. 480 с.
Микешина Л.А. Эклектика и синкретизм: к вопросу о системности научного знания // Эпистемология и философия науки. 2014. № 1(39). C. 60–78.
Петров А.В. Социальные практики и взаимодействия: концептуализация понятий // Общество и право. 2005. № 4(10). С. 38–50.
Степин В.С. От теоретического знания — к постнеклассическим практикам // Постнеклассические практики: опыт концептуализации: коллективная монография / общ. ред. В.И. Аршинова и О.Н. Астафьевой. СПб.: Міръ, 2012. С. 8–12.
Фаритов В.Т. Трансгрессия и трансценденция как онтологические перспективы дискурса: дис. … д-ра филос. наук. Ульяновск, 2016. 318 с.
Хлебникова О.В. Потребление как гештальт // Философия и культура. 2017. № 9. С. 1–9. DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.9.24046.
Amir L. Three Questionable Assumptions of Philosophical Counseling // International Journal of Philosophical Practice. 2004. Vol. 2(1). P. 9–18. URL: http://new.npcassoc.org/docs/ijpp/lydiaamir.pdf (accessed: 15.09.2018).
Chase M. Observations on Pierre Hadot’s conception of Philosophy as a Way of Life // Practical Philosophy. The British Journal of Philosophical Practice. 2007. Vol. 8. P. 5–17.
Lizeng Zh. Distinguishing Philosophical Counseling from Psychotherapy // Philosophical Practice. 2013. Vol. 8(1). P. 1121–1126.
Tolboll M. Philosophical counseling as an alternative to psychotherapy. 2014. URL: http://ia801400.us.archive.org/30/items/Counseling_201401/Counseling.pdf (accessed: 15.09.2018).
References
Amir, L. (2004). Three Questionable Assumptions of Philosophical Counseling. International Journal of Philosophical Practice. Vol. 2(1), pp. 9– 18. Available at: http://new.npcassoc.org/docs/ijpp/ lydiaamir.pdf (accessed 15.09.2018).
Astaf’eva, O.N. (2012). Postneklassicheskie praktiki kak predmetnaya oblast mezhdisciplinarnogo proekta [Post-non-classical practices as a subject area of an interdisciplinary project]. Postneklassicheskie praktiki: opyt kontseptualizatsii: kollektivnaya monografiya / pod obshch. red. V.I. Arshinova, O.N. Astaf’evoy [Post-non-classical practices: the experience of conceptualizatio: a collective monograph, ed. by V.I. Arshinov, O.N. Astafyeva]. St. Petersburg: Mіr Publ., pp. 500–506.
Bogataja, L. (2015). Transdistsiplinarnost: postneklassicheskiy rakurs retseptsii [Transdisciplinarity: Post-non-Classical Point of View]. Fіlosofіya osvіti [Philosophy of Education]. No. 1, pp. 168–182.
Bozhkov, O.B. (2014). Povsednevnost i praktiki: k utochneniyu ponyatiy [Daily life and practices: to clarify concepts]. Sotsiologicheskiy zhurnal [Sociological Journal]. No. 4, pp. 133–154.
Borisov, E., Inishev, I. and Furs, V. (2008). Prakticheskiy povorot v postmetafizicheskoy filosofii [Practical turn in post-metaphysical philosophy]. Vol. 1. Vil’nyus: EHU Publ., 212 p.
Chase, M. (2007). Observations on Pierre Hadot’s conception of Philosophy as a Way of Life. Practical Philosophy. The British Journal of Philosophical Practice. Vol. 8, pp. 5–17.
D’yakov, A.A. (2011). Teoriya praktik: sotsialno-filosofskiy potentsial kontseptsii [The theory of practices: the socio-philosophical potential of the concept]. Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Pedagogika [Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy]. No. 1, pp. 8–12.
Faritov, V.T. (2016). Transgressiya i transtsendentsiya kak ontologicheskie perspektivy diskursa: dis. … d-ra filos. nauk [Transgression and Transcendence as Ontological Perspectives of Discourse: dissertation]. Ulyanovsk, 318 p.
Gadzhikurbanova, P.A. (2009). «Dukhovnye uprazhneniya» i «Zabota o sebe» (stoicheskaya etika v interpretatsii P. Ado i M. Fuko) [«Spiritual Exercises» and «Taking Care of Yourself» (Stoic ethics as interpreted by P. Ado and M. Foucault)]. Eticheskaya mysl [Ethical Thought]. No. 9, pp. 27–42.
Grebenschikova, E.G. (2012). Transformatsii praktik «zaboty o sebe» v sotsiokulturnom kontekste [Transformations of the practice of «taking care of oneself» in a sociocultural context]. Postneklassicheskie praktiki: opyt kontseptualizatsii: kollektivnaya monografiya / Pod obshch. red. V.I. Arshinova, O.N. Astaf’evoy [Post-non-classical practices: the experience of conceptualizatio: a collective monograph, ed. by V.I. Arshinov, O.N. Astafyeva]. St. Petersburg: Mіr Publ., pp. 354–363.
Gutner, G.B. (2005). Kommunikativnoe soobschestvo i sub`ekt kommunikativnogo deystviya [Communicative community and the subject of communicative action]. Filosofiya nauki. Vyp. 11: Etos nauki na rubezhe vekov. [Philosophy of Science. Iss. 11: The ethos of science at the turn of the century]. Moscow: Institute of philosophy RAS Publ., pp. 82–108.
Khlebnikova, O.V. (2017). Potreblenie kak geshtalt [Consumption as a gestalt]. Filosofiya i kultura [Philosophy and Culture]. No. 9, pp. 1–9. DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.9.24046.
Koan, N. (2014). Filosofiya praktiki segodnya [Practice philosophy today]. Skepsis [Scepsis]. Available at: https://scepsis.net/library/id_3792.html (accessed 15.09.2018).
Lizeng. Zh. (2013). Distinguishing Philosophical Counseling from Psychotherapy. Philosophical Practice. Vol 8(1), pp. 1121–1126.
Makarevich, A.V. (2005). Mesto, gde svet [The place where is the light]. Moscow: Eksmo-Press Publ., 480 p.
Mikeshina, L.A. (2014). Eklektika i sinkretizm: k voprosu o sistemnosti nauchnogo znaniya [Eclecticism and syncretism: on the issue of the systemic character of scientific knowledge]. Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki [Epistemology and Philosophy of Science]. No. 1(39), pp. 60–78.
Petrov, A.V. (2005). Sotsialnye praktiki i vzaimodeystviya: kontseptualizatsiya ponyatiy [Social practices and interactions: conceptualization of concepts]. Obschestvo i pravo [Society and Law]. No. 4(10), pp. 38–50.
Stepin, V.S. (2012). Ot teoreticheskogo znaniya — k postneklassicheskim praktikam [From theoretical knowledge — to post-non-classical practices]. Postneklassicheskie praktiki: opyt kontseptualizatsii: kollektivnaya monografiya / Pod obshch. red. V.I. Arshinova, O.N. Astaf’evoy [Post-non-classical practices: the experience of conceptualizatio: a collective monograph, ed. by V.I. Arshinov, O.N. Astafyeva]. St. Petersburg: Mіr Publ., pp. 8–12.
Tolboll, M. (2014). Philosophical counseling as an alternative to psychotherapy. Available at: https://ia801400.us.archive.org/30/items/Counseling_ 201401/Counseling.pdf (accessed 15.09.2018).
Volik, O.Yu. (2012). Vozmozhnye cherty postneklassichnosti v psikhologicheskikh praktikakh [Possible features of post-non-classical in psychological practices]. Postneklassicheskie praktiki: opyt kontseptualizatsii: kollektivnaya monografiya / Pod obshch. red. V.I. Arshinova, O.N. Astaf’evoy [Postnon-classical practices: the experience of conceptualizatio: a collective monograph, ed. by V.I. Arshinov, O.N. Astafyeva]. St. Petersburg: Mіr Publ., pp. 383–392.
Volkov, V.V. and Harhordin, O.V. (2008). Teoriya praktik [The theory of practices]. St. Petersburg: European University in St. Petersburg Publ., 298 p.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Perm University Herald. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
