Soviet industrialization and the GULAG. Berdinskikh, V.A. & V.I. Men'kovskiy (2017), The GULAG: ideology and economy of forced labour in the 20th century, Institute of language, literature and history, Komi Science Centre, Ural branch, RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia, 132 p.
Keywords:
the Gulag, the Soviet military industrial complex, rapid industrialization, labour armyAbstract
The paper presents the author's reflections on the book “The Gulag: Ideology and economy of forced labour in the 20th century” written by V. Berdinskikh and V. Men'kovskiy. The Gulag system is seen in the research as a key element of the economic system of Stalinism, in which repressions and forced labour were an integral part. It is eval-uated as a tool for the rapid formation of the Soviet military industrial complex. The authors outline the role of the Gulag in the Soviet system of national economy, describe its relationship with the agencies under the system the Su-preme Economic Council, estimate the reasons for the demand for manual forced labor, and reveal the key role of the Gulag in producing strategic resources, developing territories and, in particular, in implementing research, develop-ment and engineering for the defense industry. In addition to the Gulag, a brief description is given to two other state “mega-organizations” that provided industrial, transport, energy and urban development of the territories. They were the NKVD and the Supreme Council of National Economy. The genesis of the idea of forced labour is traced back to the period of war communism, when labour armies were formed throughout the country. doi: 10.17072/2219-3111-2017-3-157-163References
Список источников
Пятилетний план народно-хозяйственного строительства СССР. М., 1929. Т. 1. 163 с.
Собрание законов и распоряжений рабоче-крестьянского правительства СССР (СЗ СССР). 1930. № 22.
Собрание узаконений и распоряжений рабоче-крестьянского правительства РСФСР (СУ РСФСР). 1920. № 3, ст. 15; № 4–5, ст. 26, 27.
Библиографический список
Бердинских В.А., Меньковский В.И. ГУЛАГ: идеология и экономика подневольного труда в ХХ в. / ИЯЛИ Коми НЦ УрО РАН. Сыктывкар, 2017. 132 с.
Меерович М.Г. От городов-садов к соцгородам: основные архитектурно-градостроительные концепции в СССР (1917 – первая половина 1930-х гг.): Дис. … докт. архитектуры. Нижний Новгород, 2016. 926 с.
Меерович М.Г. Расселенческая доктрина России: сегодня и сто лет назад: Иркутск: Изд-во Иркутского гос. ун-та, 2014. 227 с.
Меерович М.Г., Конышева Е.В., Хмельницкий Д.С. Кладбище соцгородов: градостроительная политика в СССР (1928–1932 гг.). М.: РОССПЭН, 2011. 270 с.
Троцкий Л. Задачи 1-й Армии Труда. URL.: http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/trotsky/
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References
Berdinskikh, V.A., Menkovskiy, V.I. (2017), GULAG: ideologiya i ekonomika podnevolnogo truda v ХХ veke [GULAG: The Ideology and economy of bonded labour in the twentieth century], UrO RAN, Syktyvkar, Russia, 132 р. Meerovich, M.G. (2016), Ot gorodov-sadov k sotsgorodam: osnovnye arkhitekturno-gradostroitelnye kontseptsii v SSSR (1917- pervaya polovina 1930-kh gg.) [From urban-gardens to Sotsgorod: main architectural and town planning concept in the USSR (1917 - first half of 1930s)], Dr.Sc. dissertation, Nizhny Novgorod State Universi-ty of Architecture and Construction, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 926 p. Meerovich, M.G. (2014), Rasselencheskaya doktrina Rossii: segodnya i sto let nazad [The settlement doctrine of Russia: today and a hundred years ago], Izd-vo IGU, Irkutsk, Russia, 227 р.
Meerovich, M.G., Konysheva, Ye.V., Khmelnitskiy, D.S. (2011), Kladbishche sotsgorodov: gradostroitelnaya politika v SSSR (1928–1932 gg.) [The cemetery socialist town: urban policy in the Soviet Union (1928-1932 gg.)], ROSSPEN, Moscow, Russia, 270 р. Pyatiletniy plan narodno-khozyaystvennogo stroitelstva SSSR [Five-year plan of national economic construction of the USSR] (1929), Moscow, Russia, vol. 1, 163 p. Trotskiy, L. (1920), Zadachi 1-y Armii Truda [Tasks of the 1st Army of Labour], available at: URL http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/trotsky/trotl566.htm (accessed 23.06.2017) Sobranie zakonov i rasporyazheniy raboche-krestyanskogo pravitelstva SSSR (SZ SSSR) [The Collection of laws and decrees of the labor and peasant government of the USSR] (1930), Moscow, Russia, № 22. Sobranie uzakoneniy i rasporyazheniy raboche-krestyanskogo pravitelstva RSFSR (SU RSFSR) [The Collection of legalizations and orders of the workers and peasants’ government of the RSFSR] (1920), Moscow, Russia, № 3. st. 15; № 4-5. st. 26, 27.
