Neoconservative approaches to school education reform in the USA: political and socio- cultural aspects
Keywords:
conservative movement, education, social policy, neoconservatives, the Republican party, school vouchers, schools-“magnets”Abstract
The paper evaluates the viewpoints and proposals of American neoconservatives regarding the reform of the system of education in the 1990s. The author attempts to track the evolution of concepts and to determine the hierarchy of priorities. A detailed analysis of neoconservatives’ views on the problems of school education gives the possibility to see the features of neoconservative approaches on ideological level, as well as on the level of philosophical and cultural understanding of reality. The author describes the differences between the neo-conservative educational policy and the approaches of other groups of American conservatives to the problem. The article pays special attention to cooperation between the largest corporations and neoconservatives to pro-mote school education reform in the 1990s. To take the interests of American businesses into account, neocon-servatives are taking appropriate initiatives to reform the school system. The article examines the creation of the so-called “сounterintelligentsia” and the intent of neoconservative intellectual centres to formulate new ideas and to promote them on the market of educational services. It is vital to note the role of the Manhattan Institute that promoted the idea of school choice and an educational voucher as its top priorities. The author also analyzes the role of neoconservatives in supporting charter schools. They are well-recognized experts on the issue, and their position is strongly supported by the key neoconservative intellectual center - the Hudson Institute. An attention is paid to the analysis of documents adopted by the leadership of the Republican Party in the field of school edu-cation. The article analyzes “Goals 2000” as a key document of the party initiated by the neoconservatives. The educational policy is considered as an important factor in analyzing the conservative movement. doi: 10.17072/2219-3111-2017-3-148-156References
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References
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Brimelow, P. (1996), Alien Nation. Common Sense About America’s Immigration Disaster, Harper Collins Pub-lishers, Inc., New York, USA, 360 p.
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D’Souza, D. (1998), Illiberal Education: The Politics of Race and Sex on Campus, The Free Press A Division of Macmillan, Inc., New York, USA, 322 p.
D’Souza, D. (1995), The End of Racism: Principals for a Multiracial Society, Free Press Paperbacks A Division of Simon and Shuster, Inc., New York, USA, 724 p.
Finn, Ch. (ed.) (2001), Charter Schools in Action: What Have We Learned?, Hudson Inst., Indianapolis, USA, 2001. 128 p.
Gerstner, L., Semerad, R., Doyle, D. & W. Johnston (1994), Reinventing Education: Entrepreneurship in Ameri-ca’s Public Schools, Plume, New York, USA, 304 p.
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Herrnstein, R. & Ch. Murray (1994), The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class structure in American Life, Free Press, New York, USA, 912 p.
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Lind, M. (1996), Up From Conservatism: Why the Right is Wrong for America, Free Press, New York, USA, 304 p.
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Republican National Platform: Education and Opportunity: Leave No American Behind: A Responsibility Era, available at: http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25849 (accessed 20.04.2017).
Ricci, D. (1994), The Transformation of American Politics: The New Washington and the Rise of Think Tanks, Yale University Press, New Haven, USA, 320 p.
Simon, W. (1978), A Time for Truth, Reader's Digest Press, New York, USA, 248 p.
Smith, J. (1993), The Idea Brokers and the Rise of the New Policy Elite, Free Press, New York, USA, 356 p.
Spring, J. (2002), Political Agendas for Education. From the Religious Right to the Green Party, Lawrence Erl-baum Associates, New Jersey, USA, 168 p.
A Nation Prepared: Teachers for the 21st Century (1986), Carnegie Forum on Education, New York, USA, 135 p.
The President’s Education Summit With Governors: Joint Statement, America 2000: An Education Strategy, available at: http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=17580 (accessed 11.04.2017).
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