INTRA-ETHNIC COMPETITION AND STRATEGIES OF ETHNOPOLITICAL ACTORS IN NATIONAL MOVEMENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-15-26Keywords:
competition; ethnic party; kryashens; national movement; strategy of “ethnic outbidding”; strategy of “ethnic underbidding”; strategy of “lateral underbidding”Abstract
The article considers the possibility of applying theoretical approaches to the study of intra-ethnic competition among ethnic parties to the study of intra-ethnic competition in national movements. The fact that the formation of parties based on the ethnic principle is allowed in many states and they become an institutionalized instrument of national movements deserves special attention. The research is based on John Hutchinson's ethno-symbolic concept of ethnicity and the strategies of ethnic parties, which were revealed by Donald Horowitz, John Coakley and Kristina Zuber. Following John Hutchinson, the author concedes the idea of “competition of repertoires”, which asserts the possibility of different ideas and directions of development within one ethnic group. The article gives a detailed description of the strategies of ethnic parties based on the criteria of orientation on ethnic groups and criteria of the degree of politicization of ethnicity. It is revealed that strategies of ethnic parties aimed exclusively at an ethnic group are better suited for studying intra-ethnic competition in national movements. In the article, the author compares the strategies of ethnic parties with modern national movements and assesses their applicability to the study of intra-ethnic competition in national movements.References
Барт, Ф. (ред.) (2006) Этнические группы и социальные границы. Социальная организация культурных различий. Москва: Новое издательство. [Barth, F. (eds.) (2006) Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Culture Difference [Etnicheskie gruppy i social'nye gra-nicy. Social'naya organizaciya kul'turnyh razlichij]. Moscow: Novoe izdatel'stvo. (In Russ.).
Денисов, А. Е. (2019) ‘Символы Кряшенского национального движения в контексте политики признания Чарльза Тейлора’, Вестник Пермского университета. Политология, 3, сс. 88–98. [Denisov, A. E. (2019) ‘Symbols of the Kryashen Nation-al Movement in the Context of Charles Taylor’s Politics of Recognition’ [Sim-voly krjashenskogo natsional’nogo dvizhenija v kontekste politiki priznanija Charl’za Tejlora], Bulletin of Perm Uni-versity. Political Science, 3, pp. 88–98. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-3-88-98.
Денисов, А. Е. (2021) ‘Хештеги, нарративы и банальный национализм (на примере Кряшенского движения)’, Политическая наука, 3, сс. 161–182. [Denisov, A. E. (2021) ‘Hastags, narratives and banal nationalism (a case study of the Kryash-ens’ movement)’ [Heshtegi, narrativy i banal'nyj nacionalizm (na primere Kryashenskogo dvizheniya)], Political science, 3, pp. 161–182. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31249/poln/2021.03.07.
Зазнаев, О. И. и Фарукшин, М. Х. (ред.) (2021) Этнические аспекты политических институтов и процессов: монография. Москва; Берлин: Директ-Медиа. [Zaznaev, О. I. and Farukshin, M. Kh. (eds.) (2021) Ethnic aspects of political institutions and processes: monograph [Etnicheskie aspekty politicheskih insti-tutov i processov: monografiya]. Moscow; Berlin Москва: Direct-Media. (In Russ.).
Мелешкина, Е. Ю. и Кудряшова, И. В. (2022) ‘После империи: можно ли перековать мечи на орала?’, Политическая наука, 1, сс. 14–51. [Meleshkina, E. YU. and Kudryashova, I. V. (2022) ‘After empires: beating swords into ploughshares’ [Posle imperii: mozhno li perekovat' mechi na orala?], Political science, 1, pp. 14–51. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31249/poln/2022.01.01.
Сидоров, В. В. (2021) ‘Этнические партии как инструмент согласования интересов этнических групп в различных формах правления’, PolitBook, 4, сс. 96–103. [Sidirov, V. V. (2021) ‘Ethnic parties as an institute for the harmonization of in-terests of ethnic groups in different forms of government’ [Etnicheskie partii kak instrument soglasovaniya interesov et-nicheskih grupp v razlichnyh formah pravleniya], PolitBook, 4, pp. 96–103. (In Russ.).
Фарукшин, М. Х. (2016) ‘Проблема этнического голосования в зарубежном дискурсе’, Социологические исследования, 5, сс. 80–86. [Farukshin, M. Kh. (2016) ‘Problem of ethnic voting in internation-al discourse’ [Problema etnicheskogo golosovaniya v zarubezhnom diskurse], Sociological Research, 5, pp. 80–86. (In Russ.).
Barrio, A. and Rodríguez-Teruel, J. (2016) ‘Re-ducing the gap between leaders and vot-ers? Elite polarization, outbidding compe-tition, and the rise of secessionism in Catalonia’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, vol. 40, 10, pp. 1776–1794. DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2016.1213400.
Birch, S., Daxecker, U. and Hoglund, K. (2020) ‘Electoral violence: An introduction’, Journal of Peace Research, vol. 57, 1, pp. 3–14. DOI: 10.1177/0022343319889657.
Bishop, E. C. (2010) Brittany and the French State: Cultural, Linguistic, and Political Manifestations of Regionalism in France. Columbus: The Ohio State University.
Chandra, K. (2004) Why Ethnic Parties Succeed: Patronage and Ethnic Head Counts in In-dia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Chandra, K. (2005) ‘Ethnic Parties and Demo-cratic Stability’, Perspectives on Politics, vol 3, 2, pp. 235‒252.
Coakley, J. (2008) ‘Ethnic competition and the logic of party system transformation’, European Journal of Political Research, vol 47, 6, pp. 766–793. DOI: 10.1111/J.1475-6765.2008.00824.X.
Dupré, J.-F. (2016) ‘National identity politics and cultural recognition: the party system as context of choice’, Identities, vol 25, 1, pp. 67–84. DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.2016.1208097.
Esman, M. J. (1977) Ethnic Conflict in the West-ern World. London: Cornell University Press.
Habermas, J. (2001) Justification and Application: Remarks on Discourse Ethics. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Horowitz, D. L. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berke-ley: University of California Press.
Hutchinson, J. (1999) ‘Re-Interpreting Cultural Nationalism’, Australian Journal of Poli-tics and History, vol. 45, 3, pp. 392–409.
Hutchinson, J. (2005) Nations as a zone of con-flict. London: Sage Publications.
Hutchinson, J. (2013) ‘Globalisation and nation formation in the Longue Duree’ in Hali-tiopoulou, D and Vasilopoulou, S. (eds.)
Nationalism and Globalisation: conflicting or complementary? London: Routledge, 2013, pp. 84–89.
Jackson, C. M. (2020) ‘Linking to the State: Hi-erarchical Statebuilding After Ethnic Conflict in the Western Balkans’, Ethno-politics, vol. 20, 3, pp. 341–361. DOI: 10.1080/17449057.2020.1835106.
Kymlicka, W. (2000) ‘Nation-Building and Mi-nority Rights: Comparing West and East’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, vol. 26, 2, pp. 183–212.
Loughlin, J. (2021) ‘Regions in Europe and Eu-rope of the regions. The origins of Re-gional and Federal Studies’, Regional and Federal Studies, vol. 31, 1, pp. 25–30. DOI: 10.1080/13597566.2019.1681405.
Montgomery, R. (2021) ‘The Good Friday Agreement and a United Ireland’, Irish Studies in International Affairs, vol. 32, 2, pp. 83–110.
Pope, R. (2022) The Aftermath of Brexit: Brexit and Irish Reunification. Available at: URL:https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1270&context=hsgconference (Accessed: 12.05.2022).
Stewart, B. and McGauvran, R. J. (2020) ‘What Do We Know about Ethnic Outbidding? We Need to Take Ideology Seriously’, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, vol 26, 4, pp. 405–420. DOI: 10.1080/13537113.2020.1809897.
Taylor, C. (1995) Philosophical Arguments. Cam-bridge: Harvard university press.
Zuber, Ch. Is. (2013) ‘Beyond outbidding? Eth-nic party strategies in Serbia’, Party Poli-tics, vol 19, 5, pp. 758–777. DOI: 10.1177/1354068811410368.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The author grants the Publisher of the journal (Perm State University) the right to use their article in the journal, as well as to include the text of the abstract, the full text of the article and information about authors in the "Russian Science Citation Index" (RSCI).
The author agrees to the processing of personal data.
The right to use the journal as a whole belongs to the Publisher and acts indefinitely on the territory of the Russian Federation and beyond in accordance with cl. 1260 of the Russian Federation Civil Code.
There is no author's fee paid for providing the above rights by the author.
The author of the article included in the journal retains the exclusive right to it, regardless of the Publisher's right to use the journal as a whole:
a. The authors retain their copyrights to the article and transfer the right of the first publication along with the article to the journal, while also licensing it on the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to distribute this article with the obligatory indication of authorship of the article and reference to the original publication in this journal.
b. The authors retain the right to enter into separate, additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive dissemination of the version of the text published by this journal (for example, post it in a university archive or publish it in a book), with reference to the original publication in this journal.
c. d. Authors are allowed to post their text on the Internet (for example, in a university archive or on their personal website) before and during the review process by this journal, as this can lead to a fruitful discussion and to higher number of the references to this published work (Please refer to The Effect of Open Access).
Submission of an article by the author implies that they agree for it to be used by the Publisher on the above conditions and to be included in the RSCI system. It also implicates that the author is aware of the terms of its use. The information about the author sent to the Publisher, including by e-mail, is also considered as such consent.
The editorial board posts the full text of the article on the Perm State University site: http://www.psu.ru and in the OJS system at http://press.psu.ru
The publication fee is not collected and fees are not paid. The author's copy is sent to the author to the address provided by them.
