COMMEMORATION OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN KARELIA: SEARCHING FOR A PLACE IN THE «GREAT» HISTORY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-1-5-13Keywords:
memory politics; commemoration; Karelia; Great Patriotic War; narrativesAbstract
The article analyzes commemoration strategies of the Great Patriotic War in Karelia. Regional memory politics is considered as a “two-level game”: within the region, where different mnemonic actors interact with each other during the dominant narrative formation; and externally, where the regional narrative is correlated with federal practices and interpretations. The article analyzes the ways the unique experience of Karelia in battling with a different enemy – the Finns – is perceived in the republic’s public discourse. The empirical basis of the research is as follows: archive materials, republic media publications, and semi-structured interviews with main actors of Karelia's memory politics. The study shows that there is a fragmented memory regime of war in Karelia. The dominant strategy of commemoration is to confirm the heroic discourse highlighting Karelia's contribution to the Victory. The narrative is mainly shared by the veteran and search organizations supported by the regional authorities. The alternative strategy is focusing on the commemoration of the occupational regime imposed on Karelia. The main supporters of this narrative are former prisoners of Finnish concentration camps, the representatives of archives, museums, and the scientific community. However, limitations of symbolic and communicative resources don’t allow them to compete with the dominant strategy of commemoration.References
Веригин, С. Г. (2020) ‘Без срока давности: преступления финских оккупантов и их пособников против мирного населения Карелии’ в: Усачева, Е. В. (ред.) Без срока давности: преступления нацистов и их пособников против мирного населения на оккупированной территории РСФСР в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Республика Карелия: Сборник документов. Москва: Фонд «Связь Эпох»: Издательство «Кучково поле», сс. 19‒55. [Verigin, S. G. (2020) ‘Without a statute of limitations: the crimes of the Finnish invaders and their accomplices against the civilian popula-tion of Karelia’ [Bez sroka davnosti: prestupleniya finskikh okkupantov i ikh posobnikov protiv mirnogo naseleniya Karelii] in: Usacheva, Ye. V. (ed.) With-out a statute of limitations: the crimes of the Nazis and their accomplices against civilians in the occupied territory of the RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War. Republic of Karelia: Collected documents [Bez sroka davnosti: prestupleniya natsis-tov i ikh posobnikov protiv mirnogo na-seleniya na okkupirovannoy territorii RSFSR v gody Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny. Respublika Kareliya: Sbornik dokumentov]. Moscow: Publishing house «Kuchkovo pole», pр. 19‒55. (In Russ.)].
Габович, М. (ред.) (2020) Памятник и праздник: этнография Дня Победы. Санкт-Петербург: Нестор-История. [Gabovich, M. (ed) (2020) Monument and Holiday: Ethnography of Victory Day [Pamyatnik i prazdnik: etnografiya Dnya Pobedy]. St. Peterburg: Nestor-History. (In Russ.)].
Гельман, В., Попова, Е. (2003) ‘Региональные политические элиты и стратегии региональной идентичности в современной России’ в: Гельман, В., Хопф, Т. (ред.) Центр и региональные идентичности в России. Санкт-Петербург: Изд-во Европейского университета в Санкт-Петербурге: Летний сад, сс. 187‒254. [Gel'man, V., Popova, Ye. (2003) ‘Regional political elite and the strategy of regional identity in modern Russia [Regionalnyye politicheskiye elity i strategii regionalnoy identichnosti v sovremennoy Rossii] in: Gel'man, V., Hopf, T. (eds.) The Center and Regional Identities in Russia [Tsentr i regionalnyye identichnosti v Rossii]. St. Peterburg: European University in Sankt-Petersburg: Summer Garden, pр. 187‒254. (In Russ.)].
Голубев, А. В. (2010) ‘Детская память о финской оккупации Карелии как пространство борьбы за историю’ в: Рожков, А. Ю. (ред.) Вторая мировая война в детских «рамках памяти». Краснодар: Экоинвест, сс. 93‒102. [Golubev, A. V. (2010) ‘Children's memory of the Finnish occupation of Ka-relia as a space for the struggle for histo-ry’ [Detskaya pamyat' o finskoy okku-patsii Karelii kak prostranstvo bor'by za istoriyu] in: Rozhkov, A. Yu. (ed.) World War II in the Children's "Memory Frame-work" [Vtoraya mirovaya voyna v detskikh «ramkakh pamyati»]. Krasnodar: Ekoinvest, pp. 93‒102. (In Russ.)].
Голубев, А. В., Осипов, А. Ю. (ред.) (2007) Устная история в Карелии: сборник научных статей и источников. Вып. 3. Финская оккупация Карелии (1941‒1944). Петрозаводск: Издательство ПетрГУ. [Golubev, A. V., Osipov, A. Yu. (eds.) (2007) Oral history in Karelia: collection of scientific articles and sources. Issue 3. Finnish occupation of Karelia (1941‒1944) [Ustnaya istoriya v Karelii: sbornik nauchnykh statey i isto-chnikov. Vyp. 3. Finskaya okkupatsiya Karelii (1941‒1944)]. Petrozavodsk: Pub-lishing house of PetrSU. (In Russ.)].
Малинова, О. Ю. (2018) ‘Коммеморация столетия революции(й) 1917 года в РФ: анализ стратегий ключевых мнемонических акторов’, Полис. Политические исследования, 1, сc. 9‒25. [Malinova, O.Yu. ‘The commemoration in Russia of the centenary of the 1917 revolution(s): analysis of strategies of the key mnemon-ic actors‘ [Kommemoratsiya stoletiya revolyutsii(y) 1917 goda v Rossii: analiz strategiy klyuchevykh mnemonicheskikh aktorov], Polis. Political Studies, 1, pp. 9‒25, DOI: 10.17976/jpps/2018.01.02. (In Russ.)].
Малинова, О. (2020) ‘Режим памяти как инструмент анализа’ в: Миллер, А. И., Ефременко, Д. В. (ред.) Политика памяти в современной России и странах Восточной Европы. Акторы, институты, нарративы. Санкт-Петербург: Изд-во Европейского университета в Санкт-Петербурге, сc. 26‒39. [Malinova, O. (2020) ‘Regime of memory as an analysis tool’ [Rezhim pamyati kak instrument analiza] in: Mil-ler, A. I., Yefremenko, D. V. (eds.) The politics of memory in modern Russia and the countries of Eastern Europe. Actors, institutions, narratives [Politika pamyati v sovremennoy Rossii i stranakh Vos-tochnoy Yevropy. Aktory, instituty, nar-rativy]. St. Petersburg: Publishing house of the European University in St. Peters-burg, pp. 26‒39. (In Russ.)].
Малинова, О. Ю., Миллер, А. И. (2021) ‘Введение. Символическая политика и политика памяти’ в: Лапин, В. В., Миллер, А. И. (ред.) Символические аспекты политики памяти в современной России и Восточной Европе. Санкт-Петербург: Издательство Европейского университета в Санкт-Петербурге, сc. 7‒37. [Malinova, O. Yu., Miller, A. I. (2021) ‘Introduction. Sym-bolic politics and the politics of memory’ [Vvedeniye. Simvolicheskaya politika i politika pamyati] in: Lapin, V. V., Miller A. I. (eds.) Symbolic aspects of the politics of memory in modern Russia and Eastern Europe [Simvolicheskiye aspekty politiki pamyati v sovremennoy Rossii i Vos-tochnoy Evrope]. St. Petersburg: Publish-ing house of the European University in St. Petersburg, pp. 7‒37. (In Russ.)].
Миллер, А. (2013) ‘Экспертные сообщества в политике памяти’, Полития, 4 (71), сc. 114‒126. [Miller, A. (2013) ‘Expert communities in the politics of memory’ [Ekspertnyye soobshchestva v politike pamyati], Politeia, 4(71), pp. 114‒126, DOI: 10.30570/2078-5089-2013-71-4-114-126. (In Russ.)].
Морозов, К. А. (1983) Карелия в годы Великой Отечественной войны (1941‒1945). Петрозаводск: Карелия. [Morozov, K. A. (1983) Karelia during the Great Patriotic War [Karelia v gody Velikoy Otech-estvennoy voyny (1941-1945)]. Petroza-vodsk: Karelia. (In Russ.)].
Kinnunen, T. and Kivimäki, V. (eds.) (2012) Fin-land in World War II. History, Memory, Interpretations. Brill.
Langenbacher, E. (2003) ‘Changing Memory Re-gimes in Contemporary Germany?’, German Politics & Society, 2(67), pp. 46‒68, DOI:10.3167/104503003782353484.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The author grants the Publisher of the journal (Perm State University) the right to use their article in the journal, as well as to include the text of the abstract, the full text of the article and information about authors in the "Russian Science Citation Index" (RSCI).
The author agrees to the processing of personal data.
The right to use the journal as a whole belongs to the Publisher and acts indefinitely on the territory of the Russian Federation and beyond in accordance with cl. 1260 of the Russian Federation Civil Code.
There is no author's fee paid for providing the above rights by the author.
The author of the article included in the journal retains the exclusive right to it, regardless of the Publisher's right to use the journal as a whole:
a. The authors retain their copyrights to the article and transfer the right of the first publication along with the article to the journal, while also licensing it on the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to distribute this article with the obligatory indication of authorship of the article and reference to the original publication in this journal.
b. The authors retain the right to enter into separate, additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive dissemination of the version of the text published by this journal (for example, post it in a university archive or publish it in a book), with reference to the original publication in this journal.
c. d. Authors are allowed to post their text on the Internet (for example, in a university archive or on their personal website) before and during the review process by this journal, as this can lead to a fruitful discussion and to higher number of the references to this published work (Please refer to The Effect of Open Access).
Submission of an article by the author implies that they agree for it to be used by the Publisher on the above conditions and to be included in the RSCI system. It also implicates that the author is aware of the terms of its use. The information about the author sent to the Publisher, including by e-mail, is also considered as such consent.
The editorial board posts the full text of the article on the Perm State University site: http://www.psu.ru and in the OJS system at http://press.psu.ru
The publication fee is not collected and fees are not paid. The author's copy is sent to the author to the address provided by them.
