REPRESENTATION OF IDEAS ABOUT CLEVERNESS AND STUPIDITY IN RUSSIAN AND TURKMEN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS

Abstract

In modern society, the possibilities of intercultural contacts are increasing, and there is a need for a deeper knowledge of the languages and cultures of a wide variety of peoples. To understand the language and culture of the target – non-native – language, a deeper penetration into languages: one’s own and someone else’s is very important. Learning a non-native language is an opportunity to simultaneously learn the intricacies of your native language. Detection, translation, semantic analysis, interpretation and the possibility of using one or another proverb (proverb or saying) constitute the essence of the research presented in the article. The authors of this article study a fragment of the linguistic picture of the world, the possibilities of the Russian and Turkmen languages in terms of characterizing such conceptually significant and antonymically related phenomena as intelligence and stupidity. The material for this study was proverbs and sayings in Russian and Turkmen languages, quantitatively these are: 200 Russian and 135 Turkmen proverbs and sayings. The translation of some Turkmen proverbs was made by one of the authors of this article, and some are given in the translation by B. A. Karryeva. They demonstrate the traditional view of the Russian and Turkmen people on intelligence and stupidity, a smart and stupid person, smart and stupid actions. Thus, they characterize the worldviews of the two peoples. Proverbs and sayings about intelligence and stupidity, a smart and stupid person convey the attitude of a cultural community towards a person and his qualities. In addition, this article describes cases, situations in which it is prescribed to use certain proverbs, and the purposes of their use.