OTANTHROPONYMIC ZOONYMS IN THE LIVING SPEECH OF THE PERM REGION

Abstract

This article examines the linguistic characteristics, methods of formation, and functioning of animal nicknames (dogs, cats, livestock) used in the oral speech of residents of the Perm Krai. Using material from modern everyday speech (urban speech, dialects), the main thematic groups of zoonyms (cinonyms, felinonyms, nicknames for cows, bulls, goats, sheep, etc.) are presented. The creation of nicknames through the metaphorical transfer of “person's name” → “animal nickname” is analyzed. Such anthropomorphization is typical of everyday speech and serves as a means of figuratively interpreting natural objects. Other functions of anthropozoonyms are also noted, including contact-establishing and emotive ones. The use of the same name as a nickname for different animal species, which is characteristic of these zoonyms, is demonstrated. Some methods of morphemic formation specific to nicknames are noted (the activity of the suffixes -k, -ik, -yash). The significant number of stylistic nicknames and their expressive variations are noted, reflecting a heightened human emotional relationship with animals. The language play associated with zoonym nicknames is demonstrated. Specifically, the attribution of a patronymic anthroponym to a nickname is noted, as is the play on internal form by aligning a proper name with a common noun. The origins of anthroponym nicknames are explored in detail, drawing on sources such as history, folklore, literature, cinema, and others. A high frequency of borrowed nominations from other languages ​​(primarily English) is noted. Conclusions are drawn about how anthroponymic zoonyms reflect the peculiarities of popular worldviews and the specifics of human interaction with the natural world. The creation of animal nicknames is presented as a creative act, and the nicknames themselves convey the cultural preferences of modern humans and the linguistic tastes of the era.