Улисс в культурных джунглях: насколько эмпирична модель Шварца? Социология

Александр Евгеньевич Кузнецов

doi:10.17072/2078-7898/2016-1-102-117

Авторы

Александр Евгеньевич Кузнецов Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, 614990, Пермь, ул. Букирева, 15

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2016-1-102-117

Ключевые слова:

ценности, теоретическое кодирование, позитивизм, обоснованная теория

Аннотация

Вопреки тенденции отождествлять ценности с нормами и убеждениями, а также изучать их методами непосредственного наблюдения, Хэтчен предлагал рассматривать нормы как действующие критерии управления поведением, остающиеся для действующего невидимыми и неподотчетными. Мы считаем, что предложение Хэтчена находит поддержку в случае применения обоснованной теории в версии Глезера при анализе интервью о ценностях. Статья иллюстрирует применение теоретического кодирования во фрагменте интервью, основанного на индикаторах проекта кросскультурного исследования ценностей Шалома Шварца, и проведенного в рамках проекта апробации индикаторов модели Шварца. Результаты кодирования ответов респондентов на вопросы интервью дают основания сомневаться в том, что результаты интерпретации в модели Шварца отражают действительные представления респондентов о ценностях. Ответы респондентов в наших интервью не подтвердили, что (1)ценности подотчетны респондентам и являются «убеждениями» или предметом «убеждений», (2)опыт респондентов интерпретируется через категорию «выбора» или «предпочтения», (3)ответы респондентов о сходстве с образцами ценностно-ориентированного поведения могут быть приравнены к отчетам о значимости самих ценностей. Таким образом, наша апробация индикаторов модели Шварца не обнаружила подтверждений трех (вероятно, базовых) презумпций указанной модели. Пример анализа посредством теоретического кодирования приведен нами для демонстрации способности указанной техники к обнаружению в тексте т.н. «эмерджентных» структур знания (в нашем случае chiasmus), аналитически эксплицирующих ценности респондентов в области организации собственного опыта.

Биография автора

Александр Евгеньевич Кузнецов , Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, 614990, Пермь, ул. Букирева, 15

кандидат социологических наук,доцент кафедры социологии

Библиографические ссылки

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URL: http://www.qualitativeresearch.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/467/1000 (accessed: 29.01.2016). (In English).

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Strauss A., Corbin J. Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. L.: SAGE Publication, 1998. 312 p. (In English).

Sudman S., Bradburn N., Schwartz N. Thinking about answers: The Application of cognitive processes to survey methodology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1996. (In English).

Trompenaars F., Hampden-Turner C. Riding the waves of culture: understanding cultural diversity in business. 2nd ed. L.: Nicholas Brealey Publishing, 1997. 265 p. (In English).

Trompenaars F., Woolliams P. Business across cultures. Chichester: Capstone Publishing, 2003. 359 p. (In English).