Концептуализация и операционализация понятия «социальный капитал» в исследованиях организаций
Социология
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2017-1-106-114Ключевые слова:
социальный капитал, социальные сети, доверие, нормыАннотация
Статья посвящена одной из актуальных тем современной социологии — социальному капиталу. Несмотря на активное использование данного концепта в исследованиях различных сфер общественной жизни, единая точка зрения относительно содержания, структуры, функций, источников и следствий социального капитала в настоящее время отсутствует. Остаются нерешенными многие методологические и методические вопросы изучения социального капитала на уровне организаций. В работе представлен обзор теоретических основ изучения социального капитала, а также подходов к его измерению. Рассмотрены специфика понятийного аппарата, подходы к определению видов, форм, структуры социального капитала, используемые различными авторами. Проанализированы ключевые элементы социального капитала: социальная сеть, в том числе ее структурная и транзакционная компоненты; социальные нормы; доверие. Авторами сделана попытка систематизации индикативной базы социального капитала, используемая при проведении эмпирических исследований организаций. Для структурной формы социального капитала к ним отнесены: свойства сети и характеристики ее членов, отношения между членами сети и степень ее мобилизованности, навыки социальных отношений членов сети. Для когнитивной формы социального капитала выделены: нормативный комплекс и правила взаимоотношений между членами социальной сети, различные формы доверия. В заключении авторами предложена схема операционализации выделенных индикаторов.Библиографические ссылки
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Franke S. Measurement of Social Capital: Reference Document for Public Policy Research, Development, and Evaluation. Canada, 2005, 68 p. (In English).
Jung J., Ernstmann N., Nitzsche A., Driller E., Kowalski C., Lehner B. Exploring the association between social capital and depressive symptoms: Results of a survey in German information and communication technology companies. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2012, no. 54(1), pp. 23–30. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318237a1b6. (In English).
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